Compound (fortification)
In military science, a compound is a type of fortification made up of walls or fences surrounding several buildings in the center of a large piece of land. The walls can either serve the purpose of being tall, thick, and impenetrable, in which case they would be made of wood, stone, or some other like substance; or dangerous to attempt to scale, in which case they could be made of barbed wire or electrified. Compounds can be designed to double as living spaces and military structures in the middle of hostile territory or as a military area within a country's territory; they are also used by civilians and government officials (IE: Embassies) and those who want to protect against threats to themselves or their property.
A number of survivalists own fortified compound-like structures as a means of protection in case civilization breaks down or their government becomes abusive.
The term compound is also used to refer to an unfortified enclosure, especially in Africa and Asia. See compound (enclosure).
Specific group usage[edit]
Insurgent, militant, and terrorist groups alike have been known to maintain their own compounds which commonly feature training camps.[1][2][3][4][5][6] The CSA, Al-Qaeda, various Ku Klux Klan factions, The Taliban, Aggressive Christianity Missionary Training Corps and ISIS are some of the organizations who use such.[7][8][9]
Large outlaw motorcycle clubs will typically use a compound for a particular chapter's headquarters. In motorcycle subculture, these are commonly referred to as "clubhouses".[10][11][12][13][14]
Many new religious movement organizations and cults have used compounds to facilitate their own privatized practices or activities. Additionally, they can serve as a residency for followers of that particular commune. Mount Carmel Center, Tama-Re, YFZ Ranch, and Gold Base are some of the most notable of these.[15][16]
Due to their offensive imagery and paraphernalia, large neo-Nazi and white supremacist groups will operate secluded compounds that can serve as a headquarters for a certain organization. In this particular movement, they are also used to hold gatherings and serve as venues for Nazi punk, Rock Against Communism and White power music concerts.[17][18] The most famous of these would be the now-defunct Aryan Nations compound in Hayden Lake, Idaho.[19][20][21]
Other examples[edit]
- Murphy Ranch - a now-defunct compound that belonged to the Silver Legion of America; designed for the group's Nazi activities in the United States during WWII.[22][23][24][25]
- The Knights of the KKK currently operate a compound within Zinc, Arkansas.[26][8][27][28]
- The headquarters of Imperial Klans of America consists of a heavily guarded 28-acre compound in Dawson Springs, Kentucky.[29][30][31][32][33]
- Elohim City
- Bab al-Azizia
- Camp Nordland
- Osama bin Laden's compound in Abbottabad
- Camp Siegfried
See also[edit]
- List of cities with defensive walls
- Border barrier
- Separation barrier
- Closed city
- Stockade
- Boma (enclosure)
- Compound (enclosure)
- Gated community
- Blockhouse
References[edit]
- ^ "Terrorist training camp found in Alabama, report states". al. 2019-05-11. Retrieved 2020-10-22.
- ^ "The Compound Raided In New Mexico Was Allegedly A Terrorist Training Camp To Kill US Officers". BuzzFeed News. Retrieved 2020-10-22.
- ^ Calberson, Jason (2019-12-17). "Armed Patriots Raid Suspected Terrorist Training Camp in Virginia". Gish Gallop. Retrieved 2020-10-22.
- ^ "2 Investigates: Islamic compounds in Georgia". WSBTV. 6 May 2015. Retrieved 2020-10-22.
- ^ Angles, Order of Nine. HOSTIA: Secret Teachings of Order of Nine Angels. Lulu.com. ISBN 978-1-312-36030-3.
- ^ "Terrorism 2.0: U.S. Domestic Extremists Wage War from Cyberspace". www.nate-thayer.com. Retrieved 2020-10-22.
- ^ "Pentagon Releases Video of Attack on Al-Baghdadi Compound". Bloomberg.com. 2019-10-30. Retrieved 2020-10-22.
- ^ a b Schulte, Bret (2017-04-03). "What One Town's Fight With the KKK Says About How to Combat the Alt-Right". Slate Magazine. Retrieved 2020-10-22.
- ^ "Paramilitary sect leader Deborah Green sentenced for child abuse in New Mexico". www.cbsnews.com. Retrieved 2020-10-22.
- ^ "Motorcycle Clubs". www.rcvsmc.net. Retrieved 2020-10-22.
- ^ "United States Attorney's Office announces demolition of Outlaw motorcycle gang clubhouse". www.justice.gov. 2015-10-13. Retrieved 2020-10-22.
- ^ Buckley, Madeline. "Outlaws Motorcycle Club compound seized". The Indianapolis Star. Retrieved 2020-10-22.
- ^ Oct 28, Sarah Mirk •; Am, 2008 at 10:41. "The Gypsy Joker Clubhouse Compound". Portland Mercury. Retrieved 2020-10-22.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ Siegel, Matt (2014-11-20). "Australia fears Islamist radicals joining forces with biker gangs". Reuters. Retrieved 2020-10-22.
- ^ "The Nuwaubian Pyramids of Georgia". Travel Tips - USA Today. Retrieved 2020-10-22.
- ^ Gaitan, Michelle. "YFZ Ranch remains in limbo 10 years after raid near Eldorado". San Angelo Standard-Times. Retrieved 2020-10-22.
- ^ "Imperial Klans of America". Southern Poverty Law Center. Retrieved 2020-10-22.
- ^ "Klan Leader Ron Edwards Arrested by FBI in Drug Bust". Anti-Defamation League. Retrieved 2020-10-22.
- ^ Day, Meagan (2017-09-20). "Welcome to Hayden Lake, where white supremacists tried to build their homeland". Medium. Retrieved 2020-10-22.
- ^ Guilhem, Matt (2 October 2017). "Legacy Of Hate: The Specter Of North Idaho's Past Still Haunts Region". www.boisestatepublicradio.org. Retrieved 2020-10-22.
- ^ "Internet millionaire buys Aryan Nation compound". The Billings Gazette. Associated Press. Retrieved 2020-10-22.
- ^ "Rustic Canyon's Murphy Ranch". Atlas Obscura. Retrieved 2020-10-22.
- ^ Dimuro, Gina (2018-03-08). "Inside The Los Angeles Ranch Meant To Be A Nazi Foothold In America". All That's Interesting. Retrieved 2020-10-22.
- ^ Goldberg, Emily (2016-01-28). "A Nazi Compound in Pacific Palisades Is Set to Be Torn Down Los Angeles Magazine". Los Angeles Magazine. Retrieved 2020-10-22.
- ^ "Murphy Ranch - The Nazi Compound in Rustic Canyon". SoCal Hiker. 2013-10-18. Retrieved 2020-10-22.
- ^ NJ.com, Matt Arco | NJ Advance Media for (2017-04-20). "Those 'no trespassing' signs weren't stopping us from meeting KKK boss". nj. Retrieved 2020-10-22.
- ^ "Zinc". Paul S. Smith. Retrieved 2020-10-22.
- ^ Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: Ruby Wax meets the KKK. YouTube.
- ^ "Klansman faces bankruptcy after victim wins $2.5m". the Guardian. 2008-11-18. Retrieved 2020-10-22.
- ^ "No. 2 Klan group on trial in Kentucky Hispanic beating". nydailynews.com. Associated Press. Retrieved 2020-10-22.
- ^ "Lawsuit seeks to bankrupt Klan group - CNN.com". www.cnn.com. Retrieved 2020-10-22.
- ^ Roberts, Kelly (2004). White Supremacy: Behind the Eyes of Hate. Trafford Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4120-2354-2.
- ^ Simi, Pete; Futrell, Robert (2010-01-16). American Swastika: Inside the White Power Movement's Hidden Spaces of Hate. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. ISBN 978-1-4422-0210-8.