Duke of Spoleto
The Duke of Spoleto was the ruler of Spoleto and most of central Italy outside the Papal States during the Early and High Middle Ages (c. 500 – 1300). The first dukes were appointed by the Lombard king, but they were independent in practice. The Carolingian conquerors of the Lombards continued to appoint dukes, as did their successors the Holy Roman Emperors. In the 12th century, the dukes of Spoleto were the most important imperial vassals in Italy.
They usually bore the title dux et marchio, "duke and margrave" as rulers of both Spoleto and Camerino.
List of dukes[edit]
Lombard supremacy[edit]
- Faroald I 570–592
- Ariulf 592–602
- Theodelap 602–650
- Atto 650–663
- Transamund I 663–703
- Faroald II 703–724
- Transamund II 724–739, first time
- Hilderic 739–740
- Transamund II 740–742, second time
- Agiprand 742–744
- Transamund II 744–745, third time
- Lupus 745–752
- Unnolf 752
- Aistulf 752–756
- Ratchis 756–757
- Alboin 757–759
- Desiderius 758–759
- Gisulf 758–763
- Theodicius 763–773
- Hildeprand 774–788
Frankish supremacy[edit]
(ND - Non-dynastic; S - Supponids; W - Widonids)
- ND Winiges 789–822
- S Suppo I 822–824
- ND Adelard 824
- S Mauring 824
- S Adelchis I 824–834
- W Lambert of Nantes 834–836
- ND Berengar 836–841
- W Guy I 842–859
- W Lambert I 859–871
- S Suppo II 871–876
- W Lambert I 876–880
- W Guy II 880–883
- W Guy III 883–894
- W Lambert II 894–898
- W Guy IV 895–898
Feudal duchy[edit]
- Alberic I 898–922
- Boniface I 923–928
- Peter 924–928
- Theobald I 928–936
- Anscar 936–940
- Sarlione 940–943
- Hubert 943–946
- Boniface II 946–953
- Theobald II 953–959
- Transamund III 959–967 (period uncertain)
- Pandulf I 967–981
- Landulf 981–982
- Transamund III 982–989 (possibly Transamund IV)
- Hugh I the Great 989–996 (also Margrave of Tuscany)
- Conrad 996–998
- Adhemar 998–999
- Romanus 1003–1010
- Rainier 1010–1020
- Hugh II 1020–1035
- Hugh III 1036–1043
Tuscan supremacy[edit]
- Boniface III 1043–1052 (also Margrave of Tuscany)
- Frederick 1052–1055 (also Margrave of Tuscany)
- Beatrice of Bar, 1052–1055 (regent as mother of Frederick and Mathilda)
- Godfrey the Bearded, Duke of Lower Lorraine, 1053–1055 (regent as husband of Beatrice and step-father to Frederick and Matilda)
- to the papacy 1056–1057
- Matilda, 1057–1082 (also Margravine of Tuscany)
- Godfrey the Bearded, Duke of Lower Lorraine 1057–1069 (also regent of Tuscany)
- Godfrey the Hunchback, Duke of Lower Lorraine, 1069–1076 (also regent of Tuscany)
- Rainier II 1082–1086
- Matilda, 1086–1093 (also Margravine of Tuscany)
- Werner II 1093–1119
- Engelbert III of Sponheim, 1135–1137 (also Margrave of Tuscany)
- Henry the Proud, Duke of Bavaria, 1137–1139 (also Margrave of Tuscany)
- Ulrich of Attems, 1139–1152 (imperial vicar of Tuscany and Spoleto)
- Welf VI, 1152–1160 (also Margrave of Tuscany)
- Welf VII, 1160–1167 (also Margrave of Tuscany)
- Welf VI, 1167–1173 (also Margrave of Tuscany)
- Ridelulf 1173–1183
- Conrad I 1183–1190, first time
- Pandulf II 1190–1195
- Conrad I 1195–1198, second time
Papal supremacy[edit]
- Conrad II 1198–1205
- Henry 1205
- Diepold 1209–1225
- Rainald 1223–1230
- Conrad III 1227–1267
- Berthold 1251–1276
- Rainald 1251–1276
- Blasco Fernández assassinated 1367
- Guidantonio I da Montefeltro 1419–1443
- Pedro Luis de Borja 1456–1458
- Franceschetto Cybo c. 1503–1519