File:Sasanian Empire 621 A.D.jpg

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English: This map depicts more accurate borders of the Sasanian Empire at its greatest extent.
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This file was derived from: Sasanian Empire alternate background 2.png

Chosroes II continues his victorious career, conquering Egypt and Asia Minor and occupying both Alexandria and Chalcedon across the Bosporus from Constantinople. [1][2]

In this campaign the Persians broke through Byzantium's eastern provinces; in 609, they reached Chalcedon, directly facing the capital, and their triumphal progress, far more serious than before, occupied the first part of the reign of Herakleios.[3][4][5]

Chosroes II of Persia who owed his throne to Maurice, declared war on the murderer of his benefactor.[6] Persian armies were victorious in Mesopotamia and Syria, capturing the fortress towns of Dara, Amida Haran, Edessa, Hierapolis and Aleppo, though they were repulsed from Antioch and Damascus. They then overran Byzantine Armenia and raided deep into Anatolia through the provinces of Cappadocia, Phrygia, Galatia, and Bithynia. Byzantine resistance collapsed. A Persian Army penetrated as far as the Bosporus. Antioch and most of the remaining Byzantine fortresses in Syria and Mesopotamia and Armenia were captured(611). After a long sieges, the invaders took Damascus (613) and Jerusalem (614). Chosroes then began a determined invasion of Anatolia (615). Persian forces under General Shahen captured Chalcedon on the Bosporus after a long siege (616). Here the Persians remained, within one of of Constantinople, for more than 10 years. Meanwhile, they captured Ancyra and Rhodes (620); remaining Byzantine fortresses in Armenia were captured; the Persian occupation cut off a principal Byzantine recruiting ground. After defeating Byzantine garrisons in the Nile Valley, Chosroes marched across the Lybian Desert as far as Cyrene. These victories cut off the usual grain supplies from Egypt to Constantinople. Under Chosroes II the Persians virtually eliminated the Byzantines from all their Asiatic and Egyptian provinces, expanding Sassanid dominions to the extent of the Empire of Darius.

The able Persian generals Shahrvaraz and Shahin led the Sassanid armies through Mesopotamia, Armenia and Syria into Palestine and Asia Minor. They took Antioch in 611, Damascus in 613, and then Jerusalem in 614 (sending a shock through the whole Christian world). At Jerusalem the Christian defenders refused to give up the city. It was taken by assault after three weeks and given over to the sack. The Persians carried off the True Cross to Ctesiphon. Within another four years they had conquered Egypt and were in control of Asia Minor, as far as Chalcedon, opposite of Constantinople on the shores of the Bosporus. No shah of Persia since Cyrus had achieved such military successes.[7][8]

References

  1. H.E.L. Mellerish (1994) pg. 428
  2. https://books.google.com/books?id=Ko_RafMSGLkC&pg=PA163
  3. Robert Fossier The Cambridge History of The Middle Ages 350-950 (1990) pg.175
  4. http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/bahram-the-name-of-six-sasanian-kings#pt7
  5. http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/abna-term
  6. R. Ernest Dupuy and Trevor N. Dupuy (1970) pg.193, 210, 211, 214
  7. Michael Axworthy A History of Iran (2008) pg.64-65
  8. http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/byzantine-iranian-relations
Author Keeby101

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Date/TimeThumbnailDimensionsUserComment
current15:02, 12 August 2022Thumbnail for version as of 15:02, 12 August 20221,490 × 1,106 (890 KB)Claude ZygielDistinguished roman occupied territories from the Sassanid Empire itself. This is not an ancient map.
16:14, 13 September 2016Thumbnail for version as of 16:14, 13 September 20161,490 × 1,106 (388 KB)MaproomAltered "KHWARMEZM" to "KHWAREZM"
06:17, 9 June 2014Thumbnail for version as of 06:17, 9 June 20141,490 × 1,106 (379 KB)Keeby101Adjusted Caucasus border!
04:47, 11 April 2014Thumbnail for version as of 04:47, 11 April 20141,490 × 1,106 (378 KB)Keeby101Improved quality!
23:00, 21 March 2014Thumbnail for version as of 23:00, 21 March 20141,490 × 1,106 (392 KB)Keeby101Fixed a few city names!
22:58, 21 March 2014Thumbnail for version as of 22:58, 21 March 20141,490 × 1,106 (392 KB)Keeby101Fixed some city names!
18:07, 19 March 2014Thumbnail for version as of 18:07, 19 March 20141,490 × 1,106 (392 KB)Keeby101Fixed names!
09:33, 19 March 2014Thumbnail for version as of 09:33, 19 March 20141,490 × 1,106 (392 KB)Keeby101{{subst:Upload marker added by en.wp UW}} {{Information |Description = {{en|This map depicts more accurate borders of the Sassanian Empire at it's greatest extent! This is the final version of the map of the Sasanian Empire that I made!}} |Source = I...

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