de Havilland Fox Moth
| DH.83 Fox Moth | |
|---|---|
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| Fox Moth in flight at Fenland Airfield (2012) | |
| Role | Passenger aircraft |
| Manufacturer | de Havilland |
| Designer | A.E. Hagg |
| First flight | 29 January 1932 |
| Introduction | 1932 |
| Number built | 155 |
The DH.83 Fox Moth is a small biplane passenger aircraft from the 1930s powered by a single de Havilland Gipsy Major I inline inverted engine, manufactured by the de Havilland Aircraft Company.
The aircraft was designed late in 1931 as a low cost and economical light passenger aircraft. Many components, including the engine, tailplane, fin, rudder and wings were identical to those of the de Havilland DH.82 Tiger Moth, then being built in large quantities. These are fitted to a purpose-built fuselage, which has a plywood covering over (longerons which are ash forward of the pilot and Sitka spruce aft. The pilot sits in a raised cockpit behind the small enclosed passenger cabin, which was usually fitted with three seats for short-range flights. The "Speed Model" was fitted with a canopy and fairing. The wings could be folded for storage.
Operational history[edit]
The prototype first flew on 29 January 1932, and was sent to Canada gaining sufficient interest that seven were assembled at the company's Toronto plant.[1] "Home" based production was shared evenly between sales within the United Kingdom and exports, with 49 aircraft each going onto the British register and being sent overseas.[1] British-based aircraft were mostly used on short-haul joyrides or as feeder flights around the British Isles. The DH.83 Fox Moth was the first aircraft to earn a profit in commercial airline service without subsidies.[citation needed]
Fox Moth VH-UQM Miss Currie was purchased by Victor Holyman for £1,450 and began operating over the 108-mile route over south-eastern Bass Strait between Launceston, Tasmania and Whitemark on Flinders Island in October 1932. It was thus the inaugural aircraft of what was to later become Australian National Airways. QANTAS used Fox Moths to replace de Havilland DH.50s on the Flying Doctor Service.[2]
Total production of the DH.83/DHC.83C Fox Moth was 153; 98 in England, two in Australia and 53 in Canada after WWII.[3] A number of different engines were used, including the 130 hp (97 kW) Gipsy IIIA on most British-built aircraft and the 145 hp (108 kW) Gipsy Major 1C on the 53 postwar DH.83C Canadian-built aircraft. The DHC-83Cs were fitted with larger pilot cockpit openings, a larger windscreen and canopy, a large ambulance cabin door on the port side to accommodate a stretcher, and did not have folding wings. The DH.83C used DH.82 Tiger Moth main and tail landing gear. The DH.83C was an excellent and economical bush plane.
Variants[edit]
- DH.83 Fox Moth: Light transport biplane; 98 built in the United Kingdom, plus two more in each of Australia and Canada.
- DH.83C Fox Moth: 53 aircraft were built in Canada after World War II.
- Gasuden KR-1: This was an unlicensed Japanese-built copy of the Fox Moth powered by a 150 hp (112 kW) Gasuden Jimpu 3 radial engine. The first prototype, J-BBJI named Chidorigo (Plover) flew on 23 December 1933. Seven KR-1s were built.[4]
- Gasuden KR-2: The KR-1 design with modified wings and other tweaks
Operators[edit]
Military[edit]
Civilian[edit]
- Air Travel (NZ) Ltd, later National Airways Corporation operated three aircraft.
- Blackpool and West Coast Air Services
- Giro Aviation
- Hillman's Airways[7]
- Midland & Scottish Air Ferries
- North West Air Services
- Northern & Scottish Airways
- Olley Air Service
- Provincial Airways
- Scottish Motor Traction
Survivors[edit]
- DH.83 G-ACEJ was active in the UK in 2010, but since 2015 has been registered in Munich, Germany, regularly appearing at displays and meetings (still with its UK civil reg). The aircraft received attention in the 1957 British Transport Films production Holiday, taking off from Blackpool Beach whilst undergoing pleasure flights.
- DH.83C G-AOJH
- ZK-ADI active in New Zealand in 2016
- ZK-AGM active in New Zealand in 2019 after rebuild in UK
- ZK-APT active in New Zealand in 2019
- ZK-AQB active in New Zealand in 2020
- DH.83 VH-UJJ ex-G-ACEB active in Australia in 2009
- C-FYPM ex-ZK-AEK active in Canada in 2018
- VH-UVL active in Australia in 2018
- C-FDIX Under restoration to airworthy condition at Buffalo Airways by Buffalo Joe McBryan and the PLANE SAVERS! crew in Yellowknife, NWT, Canada with the aim of having it flying by the spring of 2020.
- VH-UUS Under restoration at MothCair by Greg Challinor, Murwillumbah NSW, Australia
Specifications (DH.83)[edit]
Data from De Havilland Aircraft since 1909[8]
General characteristics
- Crew: 1
- Capacity: 3-4
- Length: 25 ft 9 in (7.85 m)
- Wingspan: 30 ft 10+5⁄8 in (9.41 m)
- Height: 8 ft 9+1⁄2 in (2.68 m)
- Wing area: 261.5 sq ft (24.29 m2)
- Airfoil: RAF 15[9]
- Empty weight: 1,071 lb (486 kg)
- Max takeoff weight: 2,000 lb (907 kg)
- Powerplant: 1 × de Havilland Gipsy III 4-cylinder air-cooled inverted in-line piston engine, 120 hp (89 kW)
- Propellers: 2-bladed fixed-pitch propeller
Performance
- Maximum speed: 106 mph (171 km/h, 92 kn)
- Cruise speed: 91 mph (146 km/h, 79 kn)
- Range: 425 mi (684 km, 369 nmi)
- Service ceiling: 12,700 ft (3,900 m)
- Rate of climb: 450 ft/min (2.3 m/s)
See also[edit]
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era
Related lists
References[edit]
- ^ a b Jackson 1987, p. 322.
- ^ Jackson 1987, pp. 324–325.
- ^ Jackson 1987, p. 327.
- ^ Mikesh and Abe 1990, p. 88.
- ^ Fillmore Air Britain Archive Autumn 2011, p. 118
- ^ a b Fillmore Air Britain Archive Autumn 2011, p. 107
- ^ Arthur 1992, p. 23
- ^ Jackson 1987, p. 326.
- ^ Lednicer, David. "The Incomplete Guide to Airfoil Usage". m-selig.ae.illinois.edu. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
Bibliography[edit]
- Arthur, Robin (1992). "Pre-War Airliner Fleets: I. Hillman's Airways Ltd". Archive. No. 1. Air-Britain. pp. 23–24. ISSN 0262-4923.
- Fillmore, Malcolm (Autumn 2011). "The Whole Truth: The DH.83 Fox Moth: Part 1". Air-Britain Archive. No. 3. pp. 103–120. ISSN 0262-4923.
- Hotson, Fred W. The de Havilland Canada Story. Toronto: CANAV Books, 1983. ISBN 0-07-549483-3.
- Jackson, A.J. British Civil Aircraft 1919-1972: Volume II. London: Putnam (Conway Maritime Press), 1988. ISBN 0-85177-813-5.
- Jackson, A.J. De Havilland Aircraft since 1909. London: Putnam, (Third ed.)1987. ISBN 0-85177-802-X.
- Mikesh, Robert C. and Shorzoe Abe. Japanese Aircraft 1910-1941. London: Putnam, 1988. ISBN 0-85177-840-2.
- Milberry, Larry. Aviation In Canada. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd., 1979. ISBN 0-07-082778-8.
- Molson, Ken M. and Harold A. Taylor. Canadian Aircraft Since 1909. Stittsville, Ontario: Canada's Wings, Inc., 1982. ISBN 0-920002-11-0.
External links[edit]
- The de Havilland Moth Club
- Those Kiwi Moths Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine
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