Ishaq ibn Rahwayh

Imam
Ishaq ibn Rahwayh
Imam Ishaq ibn Rahwayh
إِسْحَاق بْن رَاهَوَيْه
Title	Amir al-Mu'minin fi al-Hadith ('Leader of the Believers in Hadith')
Personal
Born	c. 777 CE (161 AH); Merv, Persia
Died	c. 852 CE (Sha'ban 238 AH); Nishapur
Religion	Islam
Era	Islamic Golden Age (early Abbasid era)
Region	Khorasan
Denomination	Sunni
Jurisprudence	Independent
Creed	Athari
Main interest(s)	Jurisprudence; hadith; exegesis; theology;
Notable work(s)	Al-Musnad
	Arabic name
Personal; (Ism)	Isḥāq; إِسْحَاق
Patronymic; (Nasab)	Ibn Ibrāhīm ibn Mukhallad; ٱبْن إِبْرَاهِيم بْن مُخَلَّد
Teknonymic; (Kunya)	Abū Yaʿqūb; أَبُو يَعْقُوب
Toponymic; (Nisba)	Al-Ḥanẓalī; ٱلْحَنْظَلِيّ
Muslim leader
	Influenced by Yahya ibn Yahya; Abd Allah ibn al-Mubarak; Sufyan ibn Uyayna; al-Shafi'i; ;
	Influenced Muhammad al-Bukhari; Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj; Ibn Khuzayma; al-Darimi; al-Nasa'i; Dawud al-Zahiri; ;

Ishaq ibn Rahwayh (Arabic: إسحاق بن راهويه, romanized: Isḥāq ibn Rāhwayh; born 161 AH - died 238 AH / born 777 CE - died 852 CE)^[2]^[4] was a classical Sunni Muslim scholar, jurist, muhaddith, exegete, and theologian. He was a close friend of Ahmad ibn Hanbal and accompanied him on his travels to seek knowledge.^[10]

Origin of the Name[edit]

His nickname "Ibn Rāhwayh" is said to have originated from his father who was born on a road towards Mecca:

Aḥmad ibn Salama said: I heard Isḥāq ibn Rāhūyah say: The Emir Abd Allah bin Ṭāhir said to me: Why were you called Ibn Rāhūyah? And what does it mean? And do you dislike being called by that? He (Isḥāq) said: Know that O' Emir that my father was born on a road towards Mecca, so the people of Marw called him: Rāhūyah, for he was born upon the road (to Mecca), and my father disliked that. As for me, I do not dislike it.^[11]

The nickname is pronounced Rāhūyah in classical Persian is Arabized as Rāhawayh.

Influence[edit]

Ibn Rahwayh inspired al-Bukhari to compile Sahih al-Bukhari. Al-Bukhari stated, "We were with our teacher Ishaq ibn Rahwayh when he said, 'If only someone would compile a compact book for the authentic hadith of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.' That stirred something in my heart, so I set out in compiling al-Jami' al-Sahih".^[12]

Works[edit]

Ibn Rahuyah's books on tafsir, hadith and fiqh include:^[13]

Al-Musnad (المسند)
Al-Jāmiʻ al-Kabīr (الجامع الكبير)
Al-Jāmiʻ al-Ṣaghir (الجامع الصغير)
Al-Muṣannaf (المصنف)
Al-ʻIlm (العلم)
At-Tafsīr al-Kabīr (التفسير الكبير)

References[edit]

Notes[edit]

Citations[edit]

^ Al-ʻAsqalānī, Aḥmad ibn ʻAlī Ibn Ḥajar. Fath al-Bari sharḥ Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī. p. 6.
^ ^a ^b ^c Ibn Rāhwayh, Isḥāq (1990), Balūshī, ʻAbd al-Ghafūr ʻAbd al-Ḥaqq Ḥusayn (ed.), Musnad Isḥāq ibn Rāhwayh (1st ed.), Tawzīʻ Maktabat al-Īmān, pp. 57–59
^ Melchert, Christopher (1997). "Chapter 1: The Traditionalists of Iraq". The Formation of the Sunni Schools of Law, 9th-10th Centuries C.E. Koninklijke Brill, Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill Publishers. p. 6. ISBN 90-04-10952-8.
^ ^a ^b Ibn Rāhwayh, Isḥāq (1990), Balūshī, ʻAbd al-Ghafūr ʻAbd al-Ḥaqq Ḥusayn (ed.), Musnad Isḥāq ibn Rāhwayh (1st ed.), Tawzīʻ Maktabat al-Īmān, p. 208
^ Ibn Rāhwayh, Isḥāq (1990), Balūshī, ʻAbd al-Ghafūr ʻAbd al-Ḥaqq Ḥusayn (ed.), Musnad Isḥāq ibn Rāhwayh (1st ed.), Tawzīʻ Maktabat al-Īmān, pp. 104–109
^ Ibn Rāhwayh, Isḥāq (1990), Balūshī, ʻAbd al-Ghafūr ʻAbd al-Ḥaqq Ḥusayn (ed.), Musnad Isḥāq ibn Rāhwayh (1st ed.), Tawzīʻ Maktabat al-Īmān, pp. 78–103
^ Ibn Rāhwayh, Isḥāq (1990), Balūshī, ʻAbd al-Ghafūr ʻAbd al-Ḥaqq Ḥusayn (ed.), Musnad Isḥāq ibn Rāhwayh (1st ed.), Tawzīʻ Maktabat al-Īmān, pp. 77–78
^ ^a ^b Ibn Rāhwayh, Isḥāq (1990), Balūshī, ʻAbd al-Ghafūr ʻAbd al-Ḥaqq Ḥusayn (ed.), Musnad Isḥāq ibn Rāhwayh (1st ed.), Tawzīʻ Maktabat al-Īmān, pp. 110–137
^ ^a ^b Ibn Rāhwayh, Isḥāq (1990), Balūshī, ʻAbd al-Ghafūr ʻAbd al-Ḥaqq Ḥusayn (ed.), Musnad Isḥāq ibn Rāhwayh (1st ed.), Tawzīʻ Maktabat al-Īmān, pp. 150–165
^ Ibn Rāhwayh, Isḥāq (1990), Balūshī, ʻAbd al-Ghafūr ʻAbd al-Ḥaqq Ḥusayn (ed.), Musnad Isḥāq ibn Rāhwayh (1st ed.), Tawzīʻ Maktabat al-Īmān, pp. 67–70
^ https://shamela.ws/book/10906/7305 Siyar A'lam al-Nubala' vol.11, p.366 by Al-Dhahabi
^ قال البخاري : كنا عند إسحاق بن راهويه فقال : لو جمعتم كتاباً مختصراً لصحيح سنة النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم . قال : فوقع ذلك في قلبي فأخذت في جمع الجامع الصحيح^{[citation needed]}
^ Ibn Rāhwayh, Isḥāq (1990), Balūshī, ʻAbd al-Ghafūr ʻAbd al-Ḥaqq Ḥusayn (ed.), Musnad Isḥāq ibn Rāhwayh (1st ed.), Tawzīʻ Maktabat al-Īmān, pp. 211–215

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[1] Al-ʻAsqalānī, Aḥmad ibn ʻAlī Ibn Ḥajar. Fath al-Bari sharḥ Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī. p. 6.

[Balushipp57To59-2] Ibn Rāhwayh, Isḥāq (1990), Balūshī, ʻAbd al-Ghafūr ʻAbd al-Ḥaqq Ḥusayn (ed.), Musnad Isḥāq ibn Rāhwayh (1st ed.), Tawzīʻ Maktabat al-Īmān, pp. 57–59

[3] Melchert, Christopher (1997). "Chapter 1: The Traditionalists of Iraq". The Formation of the Sunni Schools of Law, 9th-10th Centuries C.E. Koninklijke Brill, Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill Publishers. p. 6. ISBN 90-04-10952-8.

[Balushipp208-4] Ibn Rāhwayh, Isḥāq (1990), Balūshī, ʻAbd al-Ghafūr ʻAbd al-Ḥaqq Ḥusayn (ed.), Musnad Isḥāq ibn Rāhwayh (1st ed.), Tawzīʻ Maktabat al-Īmān, p. 208

[Balushipp104To109-5] Ibn Rāhwayh, Isḥāq (1990), Balūshī, ʻAbd al-Ghafūr ʻAbd al-Ḥaqq Ḥusayn (ed.), Musnad Isḥāq ibn Rāhwayh (1st ed.), Tawzīʻ Maktabat al-Īmān, pp. 104–109

[Balushipp78To103-6] Ibn Rāhwayh, Isḥāq (1990), Balūshī, ʻAbd al-Ghafūr ʻAbd al-Ḥaqq Ḥusayn (ed.), Musnad Isḥāq ibn Rāhwayh (1st ed.), Tawzīʻ Maktabat al-Īmān, pp. 78–103

[Balushipp77To78-7] Ibn Rāhwayh, Isḥāq (1990), Balūshī, ʻAbd al-Ghafūr ʻAbd al-Ḥaqq Ḥusayn (ed.), Musnad Isḥāq ibn Rāhwayh (1st ed.), Tawzīʻ Maktabat al-Īmān, pp. 77–78

[Balushipp110To137-8] Ibn Rāhwayh, Isḥāq (1990), Balūshī, ʻAbd al-Ghafūr ʻAbd al-Ḥaqq Ḥusayn (ed.), Musnad Isḥāq ibn Rāhwayh (1st ed.), Tawzīʻ Maktabat al-Īmān, pp. 110–137

[Balushipp150To165-9] Ibn Rāhwayh, Isḥāq (1990), Balūshī, ʻAbd al-Ghafūr ʻAbd al-Ḥaqq Ḥusayn (ed.), Musnad Isḥāq ibn Rāhwayh (1st ed.), Tawzīʻ Maktabat al-Īmān, pp. 150–165

[Balushipp67To70-10] Ibn Rāhwayh, Isḥāq (1990), Balūshī, ʻAbd al-Ghafūr ʻAbd al-Ḥaqq Ḥusayn (ed.), Musnad Isḥāq ibn Rāhwayh (1st ed.), Tawzīʻ Maktabat al-Īmān, pp. 67–70

[11] ttps://shamela.ws/book/10906/7305 Siyar A'lam al-Nubala' vol.11, p.366 by Al-Dhahabi

[12] قال البخاري : كنا عند إسحاق بن راهويه فقال : لو جمعتم كتاباً مختصراً لصحيح سنة النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم . قال : فوقع ذلك في قلبي فأخذت في جمع الجامع الصحيح^{[citation needed]}

[Balushipp212To215-13] Ibn Rāhwayh, Isḥāq (1990), Balūshī, ʻAbd al-Ghafūr ʻAbd al-Ḥaqq Ḥusayn (ed.), Musnad Isḥāq ibn Rāhwayh (1st ed.), Tawzīʻ Maktabat al-Īmān, pp. 211–215

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v t e Muslim scholars of the Zahiri School
Medieval	Dawud al-Zahiri (founder of the school; d. 883/884) Abd Allah al-Qaysi (d. 885/886) Ibn Abi Asim (d. 900) Muhammad bin Dawud al-Zahiri (d. 909) Ruwaym (d. 915) Niftawayh (d. 935) Ibn al-Mughallis (d. 936) Mundhir ibn Sa'īd al-Ballūṭī (887–966) Al-Qassab (d. 970) Ibn Hazm (994–1064) Al-Humaydī (1029–1095) Ibn Tahir of Caesarea (d. 1113) Ibn Tumart (d. 1128/30) Ibn Maḍāʾ (1116–1196) Ibn Dihya al-Kalby (1150–1235) Ibn Arabi (1165-1240) Abu al-Abbas al-Nabati (1166–1239) Abu Bakr Ibn Sayyid al-Nās (1200–1261) Abu Hayyan al-Gharnati (1256–1344)
Contemporary	Muhammad Taqi-ud-Din al-Hilali (1893–1987) Abu Turab al-Zahiri (1923–2002) Ihsan Abbas (1920–2003) Muhammad Abu Khubza (1932–2020) Abu Abd al-Rahman Ibn Aqil al-Zahiri (b. 1942) Abdul Aziz al-Harbi (b. 1965)
Scholars of other Sunni Islamic schools of jurisprudence Hanafi Hanbali Maliki Shafi'i

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