List of mothers of the Ottoman sultans
This is a list of the biological mothers of Ottoman sultans. There were thirty-six sultans of the Ottoman Empire in twenty-one generations. (During early days the title Bey was used instead of Sultan) Throughout the six-century history the sultans were the members of the same house, namely the House of Ottoman (Turkish: Osmanlı Hanedanı).
Mothers of the Ottoman Sultans[edit]
This list is distinct from the list of Valide Sultans of the Ottoman Empire. Valide Sultan was the title of the mother of the reigning sultan. The mothers who died before their sons' accession to throne, never assumed the title of Valide Sultan like Hürrem, Muazzez, Mihrişah,[1][2] and Şermi.[3] On the other hand, step mothers who were not the biological mothers but raised the princes whose mothers had died assumed the title of Valide Sultan like Perestu. So there were Valide Sultans who were not the mothers, and there were mothers who were not the Valide Sultans.
The detailed list of the mothers[edit]
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (January 2019) |
| Name | Titles | Maiden Name | Origin | Years of life | Son(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Halime Hatun
(Tradition)[4] |
Hatun | Halime | Turkish; | unknown | Osman I |
| Malhun Hatun | Hatun[6] | Malhun | Turkish , Daughter of Ömer Abdülaziz Bey | c. Unknown, Anatolia — Bursa, after 1326 | Orhan I |
| Nilüfer | Valide Hātûn (1362 – 1363) |
Unknown | Greek | Unknown — c. 1363, Bursa, Ottoman Sultanate | Murad I |
| Gülçiçek | Hatun | unknown | Greek | 1335 | Bayezid I |
| Devlet | Valide Hātûn (5 July 1413-1414) |
unknown | Unknown | Unknown — 23 January 1414, Bursa, Ottoman Empire | Mehmed I |
| Emine | Valide Hātûn (1421 – 1449) |
Emine | Oghuz Turkic | unknown, born in Elbistan, Beylik of Dulkadir —1449, Ottoman Empire | Murad II |
| Hüma | Valide Hātûn (1444 – 1446) |
Esther or Stella (?) | unknown | unknown — September 1449, Bursa, Ottoman Empire | Mehmed II |
| Emine Gülbahar Mükrime | Valide Hātûn (1481 – 1492) |
unknown | Albanian | unknown, born in Albania — c. 1492, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire | Bayezid II |
| Ayşe Gülbahar | Hatun | Unknown | Pontic Greek | c. 1453, Vayvara, — 1505, Trabzon, Ottoman Empire | Selim I |
| Ayşe Hafsa | Valide Sultân (1520 – 19 Mar 1534) |
Unknown | European,[7] Turkish or Circassian[8][9] | c. 1472 — 19 March 1534, Istanbul, Ottoman Empire | Suleiman I |
| Hürrem | Haseki Sultân |
Alexandra or Anastasia Lisowska | Ruthenian | c. 1504, Ruthenia, Kingdom of Poland — 15 April 1558, Topkapı Palace, Istanbul, Ottoman Empire | Selim II |
| Nurbanu | Haseki Sultân (7 Sep 1566 – 15 Dec 1574) Valide Sultân (15 Dec 1574 – 7 Dec 1583) |
Cecilia Venier-Baffo or Rachel or Kalē Kartanou | Venecian or Jewish or Greek | c. 1525-1527, Paros, Cyclades Islands, or Corfu, Republic of Venice — 7 December 1583, Bahçi Palace, Istanbul, Ottoman Empire | Murad III |
| Safiye | Haseki Sultân Valide Sultân (15 Jan 1595 – 22 Dec 1603) |
Sophia | Albanian[10] | c. 1550, Dukagjin highlands, Albania — after 1619, Eski Palace, Bayezit Square, Istanbul, Ottoman Empire | Mehmed III |
| Handan | Valide Sultân (22 Dec 1603 – 9 Nov 1605) |
Helena (Helen) | Greek[11] or Bosnian | c. 1568, Ottoman Greece or Ottoman Bosnia — 9 November 1605, Topkapı Palace, Istanbul, Ottoman Empire | Ahmed I |
| Halime | Valide Sultân (22 Nov 1617 – 26 Feb 1618) and (19 May 1622 – 10 Sep 1623) |
unknown | Abkhaz[12] |
c. 1570, Abkhazia, Ottoman Empire — after 1623, Eski Palace, Beyazıt Square, Istanbul, Ottoman Empire | Mustafa I |
| Mahfiruz | Hatun | unknown | unknown | c. 1590 — c. 1610, Topkapı Palace, Istanbul, Ottoman Empire | Osman II |
| Kösem | Haseki Sultân (26 Nov 1605 – 22 Nov 1617) Valide Sultân (10 Sep 1623 – 3 Sep 1651) Naib-i-Sultanat (10 Sep 1623 – 1632) and (8 Aug 1648 – 3 Sep 1651) |
Anastasia | Greek | c. 1590, Tinos, Republic of Venice or Bosnia — 2 September 1651, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire | Murad IV Ibrahim I |
| Turhan | Haseki Sultân (until 8 Aug 1648) Valide Sultân (8 Aug 1648 – 4 Aug 1683) Naib-i-Sultanat (3 Sep 1651 – 1656) |
Nadya | Russian[13][14] or Ruthenian[15] | c. 1627/1628, Ruthenia — 4 August 1683, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire | Mehmed IV |
| Saliha Dilaşub | Haseki Sultân (until 12 Aug 1648) Valide Sultân (8 Nov 1687 – 4 Dec 1689) |
unknown | unknown[16] |
c. 1627 — 4 December 1689, Edirne Palace, Edirne, Ottoman Empire | Süleyman II |
| Muazzez | Haseki Sultân (until 12 Aug 1648) |
unknown | unknown[16] |
Unknown — 12 September 1687, Old Palace, Istanbul, Ottoman Empire | Ahmed II |
| Emetullah Rabia Gülnuş | Haseki Sultân (until 8 Nov 1687) Valide Sultân (6 Feb 1695 - 6 Nov 1715) |
Evmania Voria | From the Greek[17] or Venetian family from the island of Crete[18][19][17][20] | c. 1642, Rethymno, Republic of Venice — 6 November 1715, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire | Mustafa II Ahmed III |
| Saliha | Valide Sultân (20 Sep 1730 – 21 Sep 1739) |
Unknown | Serbian [17] or Greek[21] | c. 1680, — 21 September 1739, Tırnakçı Palace, Istanbul, Ottoman Empire | Mahmud I |
| Şehsuvar | Valide Sultân (13 Dec 1754 – 16 Apr 1756) |
Unknown | Russian[16] | c. 1682, Tsardom of Russia — 27 April 1756, Topkapı Palace, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire | Osman III |
| Emine Mihrişah[22] | Kadın | unknown | unknown[16] / | unknown — April 1732, Eski Palace, Beyazıt Square, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire | Mustafa III |
| Rabia Şermi[3] | Kadın | unknown | unknown[16] / | unknown — c. 1732, Eski Palace, Beyazıt Square, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire | Abdul Hamid I |
| Mihrişah | Valide Sultân (7 Apr 1789 – 16 Oct 1805) |
Agnes | Georgian[23] | c. 1745, Georgia — 16 October 1805, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire | Selim III |
| Ayşe Sineperver | Valide Sultân (29 May 1807 – 28 July 1808) |
Unknown | Presumably Circassian or Georgian[24] | c. 1759/1760 — 11 December 1828, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire | Mustafa IV |
| Nakşidil | Valide Sultân (28 July 1808 – 22 August 1817) |
Georgian | c. 1761 — 22 August 1817, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire | Mahmud II | |
| Bezmiâlem | Valide Sultân (2 Jul 1839 – 2 May 1853) |
unknown | Georgian[16] | c. 1807, Georgia, Russian Empire — 2 May 1853, Beşiktaş Palace, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire | Abdulmejid |
| Pertevniyal | Valide Sultân (25 Jun 1861 – 30 May 1876) |
Besime | Romanian[25] or Circassian | c. 1812 — 5 February 1883, Ortaköy Palace, Ortaköy, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire | Abdülaziz |
| Şevkefza | Valide Sultân (30 May 1876 – 31 Aug 1876) |
Unknown | Georgian | 12 December 1820 — 17 September 1889, Çırağan Palace, Ortaköy, Istanbul, Ottoman Empire | Murad V |
| Tirimüjgan[26][27] | Kadin |
Unknown | Circassian | 16 August 1819, Circassia — 3 October 1852, Feriye Palace, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire | Abdul Hamid II |
| Gülcemal | Kadin | Unknown | Bosnian | c. 1826, Sarajevo, Bosnia Eyalet, Ottoman Empire — 29 November 1851, Ortaköy Palace, Ortaköy, Istanbul, Ottoman Empire | Mehmed V |
| Gülistü | Dördüncü Kadın (1860 – May 1861) |
Fatma Chachba | Abkhazian | 1830, born in Sukhumi, Principality of Abkhazia — 1861, Eyüp Palace, Eyüp, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire | Mehmed VI |
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Bahadıroğlu 2009, p. 355.
- ^ "Sultan III. Mustafa Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Archived from the original on 2012-04-02. Retrieved 2009-02-06.
- ^ a b Bahadıroğlu 2009, p. 363.
- ^ Lowry, Heath W. (2012-02-01). The Nature of the Early Ottoman State. SUNY Press. ISBN 978-0-7914-8726-6.
- ^ Güler, Turgut. Mahzun Hududlar Çağlayan Sular (in Arabic). Ötüken Neşriyat A.Ş. ISBN 978-605-155-702-1.
- ^ Sakaoğlu, Necdet (2008). Bu mülkün kadın sultanları: Vâlide sultanlar, hâtunlar, hasekiler, kadınefendiler, sultanefendiler. ISBN 9789753296236.
- ^ Sakaoğlu 2008.
- ^ Alderson 1956, p. 83.
- ^ Sakaoğlu, Necdet [in Turkish] (2008). Bu mülkün kadın sultanları: Vâlide sultanlar, hâtunlar, hasekiler, kadınefendiler, sultanefendiler. Oğlak Publications. p. 148. ISBN 978-9-753-29623-6. (Her name is given as "Hafsa bint-i Abdü'l-Muin" in Kitâbeler by İ. H. Uzunçarşılı. This shows that she was of non-Turkish origin, and later converted to Islam. The assertions that she was daughter of Meñli I Giray of the Crimean Khanate was never proven even though one of the wives of Selim I, namely Ayşe Hâtun, was the real daughter of Meñli I Giray.)
- ^ Peirce 1993, p. 94.
- ^ Sakaoğlu 2008, p. 219.
- ^ "Mother Of Mustafa I". Osmanlı Araştırmaları Vakfı (Ottoman Research Foundation). Archived from the original on 2007-10-13.
- ^ Sakaoğlu 2008, p. 245; Baer 2011, p. 35; Cooke, Göknar & Parker 2008, p. 214; Carsten 1961, p. 505; Karaca 2012.
- ^ Ruth Barzilai-Lumbroso (2008). Turkish Men, Ottoman Women: Popular Turkish Historians and the Writing of Ottoman Women's History. ProQuest. ISBN 978-0-549-48355-7.
- ^ Natalia Yakovenko: "Essays on History on Ukraine. From the Earliest Times until the End of the 18th Century". 1997.
- ^ a b c d e f A.D. Alderson, The Structure of the Ottoman Dynasty, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1955, p.83
- ^ a b c Sakaoğlu 2015.
- ^ İpşirli 1996.
- ^ Uluçay 2011.
- ^ Alderson 1956.
- ^ Akyıldız 2009.
- ^ Sakaoğlu, Necdet [in Turkish] (2008). Bu mülkün kadın sultanları: Vâlide sultanlar, hâtunlar, hasekiler, kadınefendiler, sultanefendiler. Oğlak Yayıncılık. p. 303. ISBN 978-9-753-29623-6.
- ^ E.J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam 1913-1936. BRILL. 1987. pp. 1117–. ISBN 90-04-08265-4.
- ^ Sakaoğlu 2008, p. 354.
- ^ Alpgüvenç, Can (2013). "Pertevniyal Valide Sultan". Hayırda Yarışan Hanım Sultanlar (in Turkish) (1 ed.). Istanbul: Kaynak Kültür Yayınları. ISBN 9786054770151. Retrieved 24 Apr 2016.
- ^ "Sultan II. Abdülhamid Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Archived from the original on 2012-04-02. Retrieved 2009-02-06.
- ^ Bahadıroğlu 2009, p. 505.
Sources[edit]
- Akyıldız, Ali (2009). "Saliha Sultan" (PDF). Islam Ansiklopedisi. Vol. 36. Istanbul: İslâm Araştırmaları Merkezi. p. 45.
- Alderson, Anthony Dolphin (1956). The Structure of the Ottoman Dynasty. Clarendon Press.
- Baer, Marc David (2011). Honored by the Glory of Islam: Conversion and Conquest in Ottoman Europe. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199797837.
- Bahadıroğlu, Yavuz (2007). Resimli Osmanlı tarihi. Nesil yayınları. ISBN 978-975-269-299-2.
- Bahadıroğlu, Yavuz (2009). Resimli Osmanlı tarihi (15 ed.). Nesil yayınları.
- Carsten, F. L. (1961). The New Cambridge Modern History. Vol. V. The Ascendancy of France, 1648–88. Cambridge University Press. pp. 505–506. ISBN 9780521045445.
- Cooke, Miriam; Göknar, Erdağ M.; Parker, Grant Richard (2008). Mediterranean passages: readings from Dido to Derrida. University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 9780807831830.
- İpşirli, Mehmet (1996). Gülnûş Emetullah Sultan (PDF). Vol. 14. İstanbul: İslâm Araştırmaları Merkezi. pp. 248–249.
- Karaca, Filiz (2012). "Turhan Sultan". Islam Ansiklopedisi (in Turkish). Vol. 41. İslâm Araştırmaları Merkezi. pp. 423–425.
- Peirce, Leslie P. (1993). The Imperial Harem: Women and Sovereignty in the Ottoman Empire. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-508677-5.
- Sakaoğlu, Necdet (2015). Bu mülkün kadın sultanları (in Turkish). İstanbul: ALFA Basım Yayım Dağıtım San. ve T ic. Ltd. Şti. pp. 279–291. ISBN 978-605-171-079-2.
- Uluçay, M. Çağatay (2011). Padişahların Kadınları ve Kızları (in Turkish). Is.: Ötüken. pp. 105–107. ISBN 9754378401.
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