Omar M. Yaghi

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Omar Mwannes Yaghi
عمر مونّس ياغي
Yaghi in 2008
Born (1965-02-09) February 9, 1965 (age 59)
Amman, Jordan
CitizenshipJordanian, Saudi, American
Alma materUniversity at Albany, SUNY
University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
AwardsAAAS Newcomb Cleveland Prize (2007)
RSC Centenary Prize (2010)
King Faisal International Prize (2015)
Mustafa Prize (2015)
Albert Einstein World Award of Science (2017)
BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award in Basic Sciences (2018)
Wolf Prize in Chemistry (2018)
Prince Sultan bin Abdulaziz International Prize for Water (2018)
ENI award for Energy (2018)
Gregori Aminoff Prize (2019)
VinFuture Prize (2021)
Wilhelm Exner Medal (2023)
Scientific career
FieldsReticular Chemistry
Institutions
ThesisSynthesis, structure, and reactivity of polyoxovanadates in nonaqueous media (1990)
Doctoral advisorWalter G. Klemperer
Other academic advisorsPost-doctoral advisor:
Websiteyaghi.berkeley.edu

Omar M. Yaghi (Arabic: عمر مونّس ياغي; born February 9, 1965) is the James and Neeltje Tretter Chair Professor of Chemistry at the University of California, Berkeley, an affiliate scientist at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the Founding Director of the Berkeley Global Science Institute, and an elected member of the US National Academy of Sciences[1] as well as the German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina.[2]

Early life and education[edit]

Yaghi was born in Amman, Jordan in 1965, to a refugee family originally from Mandatory Palestine.[3][4][5] He grew up in a household with many children, had limited access to clean water and without electricity.[6] At the age of 15, he moved to the United States at the encouragement of his father.[7] Although he knew little English, he began classes at Hudson Valley Community College, and later transferred to the University at Albany, SUNY to finish his college degree. He began his graduate studies at University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign and received his PhD in 1990 under the guidance of Walter G. Klemperer.[8] He was a National Science Foundation Postdoctoral Fellow at Harvard University (1990–1992) with Professor Richard H. Holm. In 2021, Yaghi was granted Saudi citizenship.

Career[edit]

He was on the faculties of Arizona State University (1992–1998) as an assistant professor, the University of Michigan (1999–2006) as the Robert W. Parry Professor of Chemistry, and the University of California, Los Angeles (2007–2012) as the Christopher S. Foote Professor of Chemistry as well as holding the Irving and Jean Stone Chair in Physical Sciences.[9]

In 2012, he moved to the University of California, Berkeley where he is now the James and Neeltje Tretter Professor of Chemistry. He was the director of the Molecular Foundry at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory from 2012 through 2013. He is the Founding Director of the Berkeley Global Science Institute. He is also a co-director of the Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute of the University of California, Berkeley and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the California Research Alliance by BASF, as well as the Bakar Institute of Digital Materials for the Planet.[10]

Professional work[edit]

Yaghi pioneered reticular chemistry, a new field of chemistry concerned with stitching molecular building blocks together by strong bonds to make open frameworks.[11][12][13]

Metal-Organic Frameworks[edit]

His most recognizable work is in the design, synthesis, application, and popularisation of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). By IUPAC recommendation, MOF is considered a subclass of the coordination polymers first reported in 1959 by Yoshihiko Saito and colleagues.[14] This is followed by E. A. Tomic in 1965 when he published a report titled “Thermal stability of coordination polymers” where he synthesized and characterized many coordination polymers constructed with different ligands and various metal ions.[15] Hans-Peter Werner and colleagues in 1986 published a coordination polymer 2,5-Dimethyl-N,N′-dicyanoquinonediimine and evaluated its electrical conductivity,[16] and in 1989 Bernard Hoskins[17] and Richard Robson (chemist)[18][19] reported a coordination polymer consisting of three dimensionally linked rod-like segments. In general, coordination polymers are frail disordered structures with poorly defined properties. [20]

In the 1990s, Omar M. Yaghi made three breakthroughs that transformed the traditional coordination polymers into architecturally robust and permanently porous MOFs which are being widely used today: (1) crystallization of metal-organic structures where metal ions are joined by charged organic linkers as exemplified by carboxylates to form strong bonds (Published in 1995);[21] (2) introduction of metal-carboxylate clusters as secondary building units (SBUs), which was the key to building architecturally robust frameworks exhibiting permanent porosity as he proved by measuring for the first time their gas adsorption isotherms (Published in 1998);[22] (3) realization of ultra-high porosity with MOF-5 (Published in 1999).[23] In essence, the strong bonds holding the MOFs allow for their structural robustness, ultra-high porosity, and longevity in industrial applications.

Covalent Organic Frameworks[edit]

Omar M. Yaghi published the first paper of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) in 2005, reporting a series of 2D COFs.[24] He reported the design and successful synthesis of COFs by condensation reactions of phenyl diboronic acid (C6H4[B(OH)2]2) and hexahydroxytriphenylene (C18H6(OH)6). Powder X-ray diffraction studies of the highly crystalline products having empirical formulas (C3H2BO)6·(C9H12)1 (COF-1) and C9H4BO2 (COF-5) revealed 2-dimensional expanded porous graphitic layers that have either staggered conformation (COF-1) or eclipsed conformation (COF-5). Their crystal structures are entirely held by strong bonds between B, C, and O atoms to form rigid porous architectures with pore sizes ranging from 7 to 27 Angstroms. COF-1 and COF-5 exhibit high thermal stability (to temperatures up to 500 to 600 °C), permanent porosity, and high surface areas (711 and 1590 square meters per gram, respectively).[25] The synthesis of 3D COFs has been hindered by longstanding practical and conceptual challenges until it was first achieved in 2007 by Omar M. Yaghi [26]

Yaghi is also known for the design and production of a new class of compounds known as zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs). MOFs, COFs, ZIFs are noted for their extremely high surface areas (5640 m2/g for MOF-177)[27] and very low crystalline densities (0.17 g·cm−3 for COF-108).[28] Yaghi also pioneered molecular weaving, and synthesized the world’s first material woven at the atomic and molecular levels (COF-505).[29][30]

He has been leading the effort in applying these materials in clean energy technologies including hydrogen and methane storage,[31][32] carbon dioxide capture and storage,[33][34] as well as harvesting water from desert air.[35]

According to a Thomson Reuters analysis, Yaghi was the second most cited chemist in the world from 2000–2010.[36]

Honors and awards[edit]

His accomplishments in the design and synthesis of new materials have been honored by the Solid State Chemistry Award of the American Chemical Society and Exxon Co. (1998), and the Sacconi Medal of the Italian Chemical Society (2004). His work on hydrogen storage was recognized by the US Department of Energy Hydrogen Program Award (2007). He received the Materials Research Society Medal for work in the theory, design, synthesis and applications of metal-organic frameworks[37] and received the Newcomb Cleveland Prize of the American Association for the Advancement of Science for the best paper published in Science (2007).[38] Yaghi is the recipient of the American Chemical Society Chemistry of Materials Award (2009),[39] Izatt-Christensen International Award (2009),[40] the Royal Society of Chemistry Centenary Prize (2010),[41] as well as China Nano Award (2013).[42] In 2015 he was awarded both the King Faisal International Prize in Chemistry[43] and the Mustafa Prize in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology.[44] In 2016 he was awarded TÜBA Academy Prize in Basic and Engineering Sciences for establishing Reticular Chemistry.[45][46] In 2017, Yaghi was awarded the Spiers Memorial Award from the Royal Society of Chemistry,[47] the Medal of Excellence of the First Order bestowed by King Abdullah II,[48] the Japan Society of Coordination Chemistry International Award,[49] the Bailar Medal in Inorganic Chemistry,[50] the Kuwait Prize in Fundamental Sciences,[51] and the Albert Einstein World Award of Science conferred by the World Cultural Council.[52] In 2018, Yaghi was awarded the BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award in Basic Sciences for pioneering Reticular Chemistry,[53] and also in 2018 he received the Wolf Prize in Chemistry in which he was cited for pioneering reticular chemistry via metal-organic frameworks and covalent organic frameworks.[54][55] His work on water harvesting from desert air using metal-organic frameworks[56][57][58] was showcased by the World Economic Forum in Switzerland as one of the top 10 emerging technologies,[59] and was awarded the 2018 Prince Sultan bin Abdulaziz International Prize for Water.[60] Yaghi also received the 2018 Eni Award in recognition of his work in applying framework chemistry to clean energy solutions including methane storage, carbon dioxide capture and conversion, and water harvesting from desert air.[61][62] He was honored with the 2019 Gregori Aminoff Prize by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for the development of reticular chemistry.[63] In 2019, he also received the MBR Medal for Scientific Excellence of the United Arab Emirates,[64] as well as the Nano Research Award.[65] Yaghi was awarded the 2020 August-Wilhelm-von-Hofmann-Denkmünze gold medal of the German Chemical Society for his contribution to reticular chemistry and for pioneering MOFs, COFs, and molecular weaving.[66] Yaghi also received the 2020 Royal Society of Chemistry Sustainable Water Award for his impactful development of water harvesting from desert air using metal–organic frameworks.[67] In 2021, Yaghi was honored with Belgium’s International Solvay Chair in Chemistry,[68] as well as the Ertl Lecture Award by the Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society and Berlin universities.[69] On January 20, 2022, during an international award ceremony in Vietnam it was announced that Yaghi won the inaugural VinFuture Prize for Outstanding Achievements in Emerging Fields in recognition of his pioneering Reticular Chemistry.[70][71] Yaghi was awarded the 2023 Wilhelm Exner Medal of Austria for his direct impact on business and industry through his scientific achievements.[72] Yaghi was awarded the 2024 Science for the Future Ernest Solvay Prize of Belgium in recognition of his pioneering work in reticular chemistry.[73]

References[edit]

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  2. ^ " List of Members Expert Search Professor Dr. Omar M. Yaghi ", German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina "], Retrieved on 9 June 2023.
  3. ^ عمر ياغي في مؤسسة الكويت للتقدّم العلمي. alqabas.com (in Arabic). 6 December 2017.
  4. ^ " Omar Yaghi Winner of Wolf Prize in Chemistry – 2018 ", Wolf Foundation, Retrieved on 4 March 2018.
  5. ^ " Acceptance speech of Albert Einstein World Award of Science by Professor Omar M. Yaghi ", World Cultural Council, Retrieved on 4 March 2018.
  6. ^ " Omar Yaghi: Harvesting water from desert air ", [ Molecular Frontiers Symposium "Planet Earth: A Scientific Journey", at Stockholm University, May 9–10, 2019 ], Retrieved on 30 December 2019.
  7. ^ " The Alchemist " Archived 2018-08-28 at the Wayback Machine, Forbes, Retrieved on 1 February 2018.
  8. ^ Yaghi, Omar M. (1990). Synthesis, structure, and reactivity of polyoxovanadates in nonaqueous media (PhD thesis). University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. OCLC 774917622. ProQuest 303854222.
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  13. ^ " Spiers Memorial Lecture – Progress and prospects of reticular chemistry ", Royal Society of Chemistry, 18 August 2017. Retrieved on 12 March 2018.
  14. ^ Kinoshita, Yukio; Matsubara, Ikuo; Higuchi, Taiichi; Saito, Yoshihiko (1959-11-01). "The Crystal Structure of Bis(adiponitrilo)copper(I) Nitrate". Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan. 32 (11): 1221–1226. doi:10.1246/bcsj.32.1221. ISSN 0009-2673.
  15. ^ Tomic, E. A. (1959-06-23). "Thermal stability of coordination polymers". Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 9 (11): 3745–3752. doi:10.1002/app.1965.070091121.
  16. ^ "Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 25, 1986, Hans-Peter Werner". onlinelibrary.wiley.com. August 1986.
  17. ^ Hoskins, Bernard F.; Robson, Richard (July 1989). "Infinite polymeric frameworks consisting of three dimensionally linked rod-like segments". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 111 (15): 5962–5964. doi:10.1021/ja00197a079. ISSN 0002-7863.
  18. ^ Dorey, Nathan (2024-02-02). "The man who built a whole new field of chemistry". School of Chemistry. Retrieved 2024-02-21.
  19. ^ Robson, R. (2008-09-23). "Design and its limitations in the construction of bi- and poly-nuclear coordination complexes and coordination polymers (aka MOFs): a personal view". Dalton Transactions (38): 5113–5131. doi:10.1039/B805617J. ISSN 1477-9234. PMID 18813362.
  20. ^ "This year's Aminoff Prize goes to the founders of reticular chemistry". September 13, 2018.
  21. ^ Yaghi, O. M.; Li, G.; Li, H. (1995). "Selective binding and removal of guests in a microporous metal–organic framework =Nature". 378 (6558): 703–706. doi:10.1038/378703a0. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  22. ^ Li, H.; Eddaoudi, M.; Groy, T. L.; Yaghi, O. M. (1998). "Establishing Microporosity in Open Metal-Organic Frameworks: Gas Sorption Isotherms for Zn (BDC)(BDC= 1,4-Benzenedicarboxylate)". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 120 (33): 8571–8572. doi:10.1021/ja981669x.
  23. ^ Li, H.; Eddaoudi, M.; O’Keeffee, M.; Yaghi, O. M. (1999). "Design and synthesis of an exceptionally stable and highly porous metal-organic framework". Nature. 402 (6759): 276–279. doi:10.1038/46248. hdl:2027.42/62847.
  24. ^ "Porous, Crystalline, Covalent Organic Frameworks". November 18, 2005.
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  26. ^ El-Kaderi, H. M.; Hunt, J. R.; Mendoza-Cortes, J. L.; Cote, A. P.; Taylor, R. E.; O'Keeffe, M.; Yaghi, O. M. (2007). "Designed Synthesis of 3D Covalent Organic Frameworks". Science. 316 (5822): 268–272. Bibcode:2007Sci...316..268E. doi:10.1126/science.1139915. PMID 17431178. S2CID 19555677.
  27. ^ A.G. Wong-Foy; A.J. Matzger; O.M. Yaghi (2006). "Exceptional H2 Saturation Uptake in Microporous Metal-Organic Frameworks". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 128 (11): 3494–5. doi:10.1021/ja058213h. PMID 16536503.
  28. ^ H.M. El-Kaderi; J.R. Hunt; J.L. Mendoza-Cortés; A.P. Côté; R.E. Taylor; M. O'Keeffe; O.M. Yaghi (2007). "Designed Synthesis of 3D Covalent Organic Frameworks" (PDF). Science. 316 (5822): 268–72. Bibcode:2007Sci...316..268E. doi:10.1126/science.1139915. PMID 17431178. S2CID 19555677.
  29. ^ " Weaving of organic threads into a crystalline covalent organic framework ", Science (journal), Retrieved on 16 June 2019.
  30. ^ " First materials woven at atomic and molecular levels: Weaving a new story for COFs and MOFs ", ScienceDaily, Retrieved on 16 June 2019.
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  40. ^ " Omar Yaghi Is Izatt-Christensen Awardee ", Chemical & Engineering News , 14 September 2009. Retrieved on 28 January 2018.
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  42. ^ " Introduction to ChinaNANO 2013 ", 2014 Chinese Physical Society and IOP Publishing Ltd , Retrieved on 28 January 2018.
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  45. ^ Omar M. Yaghi's biography
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  55. ^ Jerusalem Post – Wolf Prizes 2018
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  63. ^ " This year’s Aminoff Prize goes to the founders of reticular chemistry ", Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Retrieved on 25 March 2019.
  64. ^ " Mohammed bin Rashid gives awards to ‘MBR Medal for Scientific Excellence’ winners ", UAE Voice, Retrieved on 25 March 2019.
  65. ^ " Sixth Nano Research Award ", Nano Research, Retrieved on 25 March 2019.
  66. ^ " Omar Yaghi awarded the German Chemical Society gold medal ", [UC Berkeley Press Release], Retrieved on 4 March 2020.
  67. ^ " Professor Omar Yaghi Winner: 2020 Sustainable Water Award ", [Royal Society of Chemistry], Retrieved on 24 June 2020.
  68. ^ "Omar Yaghi awarded the International Solvay Chair in Chemistry of Belgium", [Solvay Institute Announcement], Retrieved on 29 October 2021.
  69. ^ "Omar M. Yaghi wins 2021 Gerhard Ertl Lecture Award", [Max Planck Society], Retrieved on 13 July 2021.
  70. ^ "Omar Yaghi awarded the VinFuture Prize", [The VinFuture Foundation], Retrieved on 20 January 2022.
  71. ^ "VinFuture Global Science and Technology Award Ceremony", [VTC News], Retrieved on 20 January 2022.
  72. ^ "LAUREATE 2023 - OMAR M. YAGHI", Wilhelm Exner Medal, Retrieved on 23 May 2023.
  73. ^ "The 2024 Ernest Solvay Prize goes to Prof. Omar Yaghi", Retrieved on 19 January 2024.

External links[edit]

Scholia has a profile for Omar M. Yaghi (Q743252).
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