Portal:Peru

Republic of Peru
*República del Perú* (Spanish)
Republic of Peru República del Perú (Spanish)
	Flag Coat of arms
Capital	Lima; 12°2.6′S 77°1.7′W / 12.0433°S 77.0283°W
ISO 3166 code	PE

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Introduction

Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the south and west by the Pacific Ocean. Peru is a megadiverse country with habitats ranging from the arid plains of the Pacific coastal region in the west to the peaks of the Andes mountains extending from the north to the southeast of the country to the tropical Amazon basin rainforest in the east with the Amazon River. Peru has a population of over 32 million, and its capital and largest city is Lima. At 1,285,216 km² (496,225 sq mi), Peru is the 19th largest country in the world, and the third largest in South America.

Peruvian territory was home to several cultures during the ancient and medieval periods, and has one of the longest histories of civilization of any country, tracing its heritage back to the 10th millennium BCE. Notable pre-colonial cultures and civilizations include the Caral–Supe civilization (the earliest civilization in the Americas and considered one of the cradles of civilization), the Nazca culture, the Wari and Tiwanaku empires, the Kingdom of Cusco, and the Inca Empire, the largest known state in the pre-Columbian Americas. The Spanish Empire conquered the region in the 16th century and Charles V established a viceroyalty with the official name of the Kingdom of Peru that encompassed most of its South American territories, with its capital in Lima. Higher education started in the Americas with the official establishment of the National University of San Marcos in Lima in 1551.

Peru's population includes Mestizos, Amerindians, Europeans, Africans and Asians. The main spoken language is Spanish, although a significant number of Peruvians speak Quechuan languages, Aymara, or other Indigenous languages. This mixture of cultural traditions has resulted in a wide diversity of expressions in fields such as art, cuisine, literature, and music. (Full article...)

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General Edwin Donayre (born January 8, 1952) is a Peruvian politician, a former Congressman and a retired military officer who is wanted by the police on corruption charges.

Donayre previously served as Commanding General of the Peruvian Army, commander of the Center Military Region, the Southern Military Region, and the 2nd Infantry Brigade. He assumed the role of commanding general on December 5, 2006, replacing General César Reinoso, who resigned amid accusations of corruption. During his tenure, Donayre was accused of corruption and obstructing inquiries into human rights violations. He was also at the center of an international controversy when a video surfaced in the media showing him making anti-Chilean remarks at a private party. He retired on December 5, 2008, and was replaced by General Otto Guibovich. (Full article...)

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Photo credit: Ericbronder

Qolla dancers during the religious festival of Qoyllur Rit'i. Dressed with a knitted mask, a hat, a woven sling and a llama skin, qollas represent the aymara inhabitants of the Altiplano, located to the south of the Qoyllur Rit'i sanctuary. A Ch'unchu dancer can be seen in the background. Wearing feathered headdresses and a wood staff, ch'unchus represent the indigenous inhabitants of the Amazon Rainforest, to the north of the sanctuary. (more...)

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The Naval Battle of Iquique was a confrontation occurred on May 21, 1879; during the naval stage of the War of the Pacific, a conflict between Chile and the alliance between Peru and Bolivia. This battle took place on the shores of the Peruvian port of Iquique, where the Peruvian ironclad Huáscar, commanded by the Captain Miguel Grau Seminario sunk the Esmeralda, an old Chilean wooden corvette led by Captain Arturo Prat Chacón; after four hours of combat. This event has become one of the most emblematic battles of this war due to the glorification of the fallen Chilean captain Prat and Peruvian Captain Miguel Grau's noble gesture of saving the enemy crew and rescuing Prat's body. (more...)

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In this month

April 3, 1983 - The Lucanamarca massacre took place in which 69 peasants were killed by the Shining Path organization in and around the town of Lucanamarca.

April 12, 1671 - Pope Clement IX canonized Rose of Lima, making her the first Roman Catholic saint in the Western Hemisphere.

April 22, 1997 - The Japanese embassy hostage crisis ended when Peruvian armed forces raided the official residence of Japan's ambassador to Peru in Lima and killed all Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA) militants.

April 26, 1538 - Two rival Spanish military forces engaged in the Battle of Las Salinas near Cusco. Pizarro's forces defeated those of rival conquistador Diego de Almagro.

April 28, 1947 - Thor Heyerdahl set sail from Peru with his ship the Kon-Tiki to finally reach the Tuamotu Archipelago after 101 days and 4,300 miles at sea.

April 30, 1932 - Start of the Colombia–Peru War an armed conflict with Colombia concerning a long-standing border dispute in the Amazonas region.

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General images

The following are images from various Peru-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Battle of Junín, 6 August 1824 (from History of Peru)
Image 2
Dissolution of Peru-Bolivia:
-   Peru-Bolivia
    Controlled by the United Restoration Army
    First Provisional Government of Peru
    Northern Peruvian Republic
    Second Provisional Government of Peru
    Provisional Government of Bolivia
    New Peruvian State
    New Bolivian State
    Controlled by the United Restoration Army during the restoration
    De facto borders after the dissolution
    Disputed between Peru-Bolivia and Argentina
    Disputed between Bolivia and Argentina
(from History of Peru)
Image 3Colonial tapestry, late 17th or early 18th century. It was woven by indigenous weavers for a Spanish client, incorporating then-fashionable Chinese imagery. (from History of Peru)
Image 4Map showing the Tacna-Arica dispute and its solution (from History of Peru)
Image 5Territorial changes after the war (from History of Peru)
Image 6Map showing the Tacna-Arica dispute and its solution (from History of Peru)
Image 7Sánchez Cerro during the signing ceremony of the new constitution on April 9, 1933. (from History of Peru)
Image 8The flag of Peru flies over the port of Leticia after the takeover (from History of Peru)
Image 9Historical population of Peru (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 10Sánchez Cerro during the signing ceremony of the new constitution on April 9, 1933. (from History of Peru)
Image 11Demonstration in Lima against Manuel Merino, 12 November 2020 (from History of Peru)
Image 12The Main Square of Lima during the attempted coup of 1909. (from History of Peru)
Image 13Peru's football team in 1970; the ethnic diversity of Peruvians is visible, with players showing African, Amerindian and European ancestry in various mixes. (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 14Population map of Peru in 2007 (regional) (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 15Plan of the City of Kings (Lima), 1674. (from History of Peru)
Image 16Amerindian woman with child (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 17Demonstration in Lima against Manuel Merino, 12 November 2020 (from History of Peru)
Image 18Battle of Junín, 6 August 1824 (from History of Peru)
Image 19Peruvian girls (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 20Territorial changes after the war (from History of Peru)
Image 21Peruvian school children with an OLPC XO-1 laptop (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 22Colonial tapestry, late 17th or early 18th century. It was woven by indigenous weavers for a Spanish client, incorporating then-fashionable Chinese imagery. (from History of Peru)
Image 23Life expectancy in Peru since 1960 by gender (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 24Chinatown in Lima (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 25Life expectancy in Peru since 1940 (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 26
Dissolution of Peru-Bolivia:
-   Peru-Bolivia
    Controlled by the United Restoration Army
    First Provisional Government of Peru
    Northern Peruvian Republic
    Second Provisional Government of Peru
    Provisional Government of Bolivia
    New Peruvian State
    New Bolivian State
    Controlled by the United Restoration Army during the restoration
    De facto borders after the dissolution
    Disputed between Peru-Bolivia and Argentina
    Disputed between Bolivia and Argentina
(from History of Peru)
Image 27Plan of the City of Kings (Lima), 1674. (from History of Peru)
Image 28The flag of Peru flies over the port of Leticia after the takeover (from History of Peru)
Image 29The Main Square of Lima during the attempted coup of 1909. (from History of Peru)
Image 30Peruvian Paso (from Demographics of Peru)
Image 31Ages pyramid of Peru in 2007 (from Demographics of Peru)

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Club Universitario de Deportes, popularly known as Universitario or simply as La "U", is a Peruvian football club based in Lima. The club was founded in 1924 under the name Federación Universitaria by students of the National University of San Marcos but was forced to rename in 1931. Since 1928, the club competes in the top tier of Peruvian football, the Torneo Descentralizado. In 2000, they opened the 80,000-capacity stadium Estadio Monumental, currently the largest stadium in Peru and second-largest in South America, retiring their smaller Estadio Teodoro Lolo Fernández. Universitario and Alianza Lima participate in the Peruvian Clásico, which has its roots in the club's first participation in the Primera División in 1928. It also has rivalries with Sporting Cristal, Deportivo Municipal, and Sport Boys.

The club won its first Peruvian title in 1929, one year after its debut in the first division. The club won its first double in the 1945 and 1946 seasons and won its only treble after conquering the 2000 season. Since then, Universitario has won twenty-seven first division titles becoming the most successful club in Peru and was the first Peruvian club to reach the final of the Copa Libertadores. Universitario is one of the two most popular teams in Peru. Universitario's youth team is U América FC which currently participates in the Copa Perú. According to the International Federation of Football History and Statistics, an international organization recognized by FIFA, Universitario was the best Peruvian club of the 20th century and the 28th most successful in South America. (Full article...)

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... that Swedish naval officer Axel Lagerbielke was imprisoned in Lima for over a year, held in Callao and eventually escaped from Panama on an English packet boat to Jamaica?
... that the white-tailed jay found in Ecuador and Peru was once thought to have been brought to Mexico by pre-Columbian trade?
... that Peruvian foreign minister Manuel María Gálvez Egúsquiza was arrested by Chilean troops for refusing to sign peace with the cession of territory during the War of the Pacific?
... that the Balconcillo mutiny is considered to be the first coup d'état in the history of Peru?
...that the Locumba uprising was thought by many to be a cover for the escape of Vladimiro Montesinos, Peru's de facto leader from 1990 to 2000?
... that Ariana Orrego was the first Peruvian gymnast to compete at the Olympic Games?
... that Peruvian Viagra grows on the roots of plants?
... that Naikilah Perusahaan Minang is the oldest operating autobus company in Indonesia?

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“

The next Augustan age will dawn on the other side of the Atlantic. There will, perhaps, be a Thucydides at Boston, a Xenophon at New York, and, in time, a Virgil at Mexico, and a Newton at Peru. At last, some curious traveller from Lima will visit England and give a description of the ruins of St Paul’s, like the editions of Balbec and Palmyra.

”

English art historian, writer, antiquarian and politician Horace Walpole 1717–1797

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Basic facts & figures

National Symbol	Capital	Currency	Time zone	National Anthem	Language	Population census

Symbols of Peru	City of Lima	Sol		Somos libres	Spanish	33,726,000

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More did you know...

...that the Almirante Grau (pictured), flagship of the Peruvian Navy, is the last gun cruiser in service in the world?
...that former president Alberto Fujimori is currently facing trial on charges of corruption and human rights abuses?
...that in comparison to sheep's wool alpaca fiber is warmer, not prickly, and has no lanolin which makes it hypoallergenic?
...that tenor Juan Diego Flórez broke a decades old tradition of no encores at La Scala while performing Donizetti's La fille du régiment?
...that Universitario de Deportes has won twenty-five national premier leagues, more than any other football club in Peru?

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This is a list of recognized content, updated weekly by JL-Bot (talk · contribs) (typically on Saturdays). There is no need to edit the list yourself. If an article is missing from the list, make sure it is tagged (e.g. {{WikiProject Peru}}) or categorized correctly and wait for the next update. See WP:RECOG for configuration options.

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WikiProject Peru

South America	Latin America	Countries

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