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Rezon the Syrian and Hadad the Edomite (c.950 BCE) / Ithobaal III King of Tyre (reigned 591-573 BCE) / Cleodemus Malchus (fl.200 BCE) Jewish writer / Lysimachus of Alexandria (1st C. BCE) grammarian / Menahem ben Hezekiah, Menahem ben Ammiel & Menahem ben Judah Messiah claimants / Marcus of Jerusalem (fl.150) first Gentile bishop of Jerusalem / Aristo Pellaeus (fl.160) / Alcibiades of Apamea (fl. 230) Elcesaite / Rabbi Isaac the smith (3rd C) Tiberian Amora / Hegemonius author of the Acts of Archelaus / Lactantius Placidus (350-400 AD) on Statius' Thebaid / Julian of Halicarnassus (d. after 527) / Eustratios of Constantinople (c.600) / Bogomil ‎and Jeremiah (Bulgarian priest) / Eli ben Yehudah ha-Nazir (fl.910s) grammarian in Tiberias / Salmon ben Jeroham (Iraq, fl.950) Karaite writer / Philip Monotropos‎ (c.1080) Byzantine monk / John the Deacon (Byzantine writer)‎ (c.1000) / Hugh Eteriano (c.1110–1182) Italian chronicler at Byzantine court / Witiko (1120-1194) founder of the ‎Vítkovci‎ nobility / Jonathan ben David ha-Cohen‎ of Lunel (c. 1135–after 1210) / Abraham ben Moses ben Maimon (1186-1237) son of Maimonides / Gonçalo de Amarante (1187-1259) Portuguese saint /Mekhitar of Ayrivank‎ (1230-1300) Armenian vardapet-scholar / Zavis of Falkenstein (c.1250-1290) Czech noble / Mạc Đĩnh Chi (1280–1350) Vietnamese Confucian scholar / Abdisho bar Berika (d.1318) Syrian writer / Bonifaci Ferrer ‎(1350-1417) Carthusian monk / Moses Zarzal (fl.1400) converso physician / Hayyim ben Judah ibn Musa (1380-1460) / Hans Schlaffer (d.1528) Anabaptist / Valentin Krautwald (1465-1545) Lutheran / Mariano Sozzini (1482-1556) Italian jurist, father of Lelio / Andreas Fischer (Anabaptist) 1520s / Diego López de Zúñiga (theologian) (d.1531), Demetrius Ducas, Alfonso de Alcalá and Paul Nuñez Coronel (c1470s-1534) Hebraists, Complutensian Polyglott - Juan de Vergara (1492-1557), Francisco de Vergara (d. 1545) / ‎Heinrich Vogtherr (1490-1556) artist / Gerhard Westerburg (1490-1558) Jurist / Oswald Glaidt (1490-1546) German Anabaptist and Sabbatarian / Jan Kalenec‎ (1490-1546) Czech Amosite / Jan Dubčanský ze Zdenína (1490-1543) Moravian nobleman, and Matěj Poustevník / Claudio Tolomei (1492-1556) Italian philologist / Girolamo Muzio (1496-1576) Catholic courtier / ‎Johann Forster ‎(1495-1556) Lutheran, Hebrew scholar / Johannes Zwick (1496–1542) German Reformer in Constance / Martin Cellarius (1499-1564) Swiss reformer /

Wouter Deelen (c.1500-1563) Dutch Hebrew scholar / Valentin Ickelshamer (c.1500-1547) Rothenburg grammarian / Francesco Negri (Antitrinitarian) (1500-1563) in Poland / John Assheton (fl.1548) Anglican priest who recanted Arianism / Lord Mikołaj Oleśnicki (-1566), Pińczów, and his wife Zofia Oleśnicka (d.1567) first Polish poetess / his nephew Mikołaj Oleśnicki the younger (1558-1629) voivod of Lublin / Samuel Usque (c.1500-after 1555) Portuguese marrano author / Francesco Stancaro (1501-1574) / Celio Secondo Curione (1503-1569) Italian humanist / Sigmund Salminger (c.1500-c.1554) Augsburg Anabaptist and composer / Johannes Bünderlin (1500-after 1540) Austrian Anabaptist / Francesco Lismanino (1504-1566) Italian Franciscan, then Calvinist, in Poland / his secretary Stanisław Budzyński ( ), also secretary to John a Lasco / Christian Entfelder (fl.1526-44) Moravian Anabaptist / Adam Pastor‎ (fl.1530s-60s) debated Trinity with Menno Simons / Matteo Gribaldi (1505-1565) / Giovanni Paolo Alciati‎ (-c.1565) / Giovanni Valentino Gentile (1520-1566) / Camillo Renato‎ (c.1500-c.1575) / Jacques de Bourgogne (c.1515-) Flemish nobleman / Hermann van Flekwyk‎ (d. Bruges, 1569) / Matthew Hamont (d. 1579) Norfolk plowright burnt for heresy / George van Parris (d.1551) Dutch Arian, burnt in London / Abbot Artemy (fl.1553) / Matvei Bashkin, 1553 / Feodosy Kosoy (fl.1550s) Russian serf-monk / Oddur Gottskálksson (1514–1556) Iceland / Celso Sozzini ‎(1517-70) brother of Lelio / Jean Cinqarbres (1520s-1565) French Hebraist / Martino Muralto ‎(c.1521-1566) Italian exile / Grzegorz Paweł z Brzezin (1525-1591) Polish Socinian / Krzysztof Morsztyn Sr. ‎(1522-1600) Polish nobleman / Jacobus Palaeologus (c.1520-1585) Greek Unitarian / Wojciech Calissius (fl.1553) ‎/ Elias Gczmidele (fl.1570s) Polish Protestant / Maxmilián Hošťálek z Javořice (1564-1621) mayor of Žatec, beheaded / Stanisław Paklepka (d.1565) / Daniel Bieliński‎ (fl.1570s) Polish Sabbatarian / Stanisław Taszycki (fl.1570s) Polish nobleman / Marcin Krowicki (fl.1570s) Polish Unitarian / Eloy Pruystinck (fl.1525-44) Dutch radical Anabaptist / Francesco della Sega (1528-1565) Italian antitrinitarian executed by the Inquisition / Beneš Optát (d.1559) Czech translator / Christopher Carlile (c.1530-1588) English Hebrew scholar / Andreas Volanus (1530-1610) Lithuanian Calvinist / Pierre Statorius (1530-1591) French Socinian grammarian / Michael Dunning (d.1558) Norwich, persecutor of Protestants / Georg Schomann (1530-1591) German Socinian / Petrus Dathenus (1531-1588) Dutch Calvinist / Péter Melius Juhász (1536-1572) Hungarian Calvinist bishop / Marcello Squarcialupi ‎(c.1538 -1599) Italian astronomer / Matthias Albinus (fl.1560s) Polish Antitrinitarian / Domenico Gerosolimitano (fl.1590s) censor / Jan Niemojewski (1531-1618) Polish Unitarian / Ambrosius Frobenius (1537-1602) Basel printer / Johann Wolff ‎(1537-1600) German jurist / Peter Blastus Kmita (d.1632?) Belarusian printer / Vasily Tyapinsky (1540-1604) Belarusian educator / Marco Marini (1542-1594) Hebraist / Francesco Pucci ‎(1543–1597) Italian philosopher / Jacques Couet du Vivier (1546-1608) Huguenot / Christian Francken ‎(c.1550-1590) German Unitarian / Elias Hutter (1553-c.1603) German Hebraist and publisher / György Enyedi (1555-1597) Hungarian Unitarian / Lukács Egri, 1567 / István Császmai, 1568 / György Válaszúti, 1560s / Pál Karádi (1523–1590) Hungarian Unitarian bishop / Maté Toroczkai (1553–1616) Unitarian bishop / Demeter Hunyadi (1579–1592) Hungarian Unitarian / Fazakas Miklós Bogáti (1548-1592) Transylvanian Unitarian and Sabbatarian / Simon Péchi (1575–1642) Székely sabbatarian / András Eőssi (fl. 1570s) Székely Sabbatarian / Hieronim Moskorzowski (1560-1625) / Georg Mayr (1564-1623) Austrian Hebraist / Piotr Stoiński Jr. (1565-1605) son of Statorius / Andrzej Wojdowski (1565-1622) Socinian / Krzysztof Ostorodt (c1560-1611) Socinian / Thomas Seget (1569-1627) Scottish traveller / Maximos of Gallipoli ‎(d.1633) Greek monk, translator / Ernst Soner (1572-1612) German herbalist / Johann Baptist Grossschedel (1577-1630s) author of Calendarium Naturale Magicum Perpetuum / György Káldy (1573-1634) Hungarian Jesuit Bible translator / Elijah Montalto (d. Venice, 1616) Marrano physician and polemicist / Étienne de Courcelles (1586-1659) French Greek scholar / Pedro de Palencia (fl.1600) Dominican Hebraist / Jakub Sienieński (d. 1639) founder of Racovian Academy / Krzysztof Morsztyn Jr. ‎(c.1580. w 1642) Polish Unitarian / Johannes Völkel (d.1618) German Socinian / Marcin Ruar (1589-1657) German-Polish Socinian / István Geleji Katona (1589-1649) Transylvanian Calvinist / Paul Best (1590-1667) English Socinian / Jonasz Szlichtyng (1592-1661) Socinian / Joachim Stegmann (1595-1633) German Socinian / Giovanni Battista Jona (d.1678) censor / Johann Ludwig von Wolzogen (1599-1661) Austrian Socinian /

Andrzej Węgierski‎ (1600-1649) Polish Calvinist historian / Jan Harmenszoon Krul (1601-1646) Dutch Catholic playwright / Immanuel Benveniste (b.1608) Amsterdam printer / Andrzej Wiszowaty (1608-1678) grandson of Fausto Sozzini / Martin Seidel (fl.1610-1620) German Unitarian / Francesco Negri (travel writer) fl.1663-1666 in Scandanavia / Paul Hobson (d.1666) Baptist / Thomas Collier (Unitarian) (c.1615-c.1691) / Jeremias Felbinger (1616-1690) German Greek translator / Henry Layton (1622-1705) philosopher / Krzysztof Crell-Spinowski (1622-1680) Polish Socinian / Henry Hedworth (1626-1705) introduced term Unitarian into English 1672 / Matthew Caffyn (1628-1714) / Frans Kuyper (1629-1691) Dutch Socinian / Samuel Bogusław Chyliński (1631-1668) translator / William Manning (Unitarian) (1630-1711) Unitarian, Suffolk / Thomas Firmin (1632–1697) English Unitarian philanthropist / William Popple (Unitarian) (1638-1708) / Jekuthiel Blitz‎ (fl.1678) translator / Christopher Sandius (1644-1680) Dutch printer / Robert Kirk (Church of Scotland) (1644–1692) Scottish metrical Psalter in Gaelic / John Smith (Unitarian) (1647–1727) recanted / James Kirkwood (Church of Scotland) (1650-1709) promoter of Scottish Gaelic literacy / Benedykt Wiszowaty (c.1650-1704) great-grandson of Fausto Sozzini / Elijah of Fulda (1650s-1720s) Jerusalem Talmud / Samuel Crellius (1660-1747) Polish Socinian / William Freke (1662-1744) / David de Castro Tartas (1662-1698) Portuguese Jewish printer in Amsterdam / Rudolf Martin Meelführer (1670-1729) German Hebraist / Anton thor Helle (1683-1743) Estonian Bible / Rudolph Bernhard (fl.1700) converted Prague rabbi / Abraham Gabbai Ysidro (d.1755) Surinam rabbi / Arthur Ashley Sykes (1683-1756) Anglican vicar, Essex / Mihály Lombard de Szentábrahám (1683–1758) Transylvanian Unitarian bishop / William Robertson (Hebraist) (fl.1650-80) / Johann Jakob Quandt (1686-1772) translator into Lithuanian / Johann Christian Schöttgen (1687-1751) German Talmudist / Andrzej Wiszowaty Jr. (c.1690-c.1740) /

Sir Wolstan Dixie, 4th Baronet (1700-1767) employer of Samuel Johnson / James Stuart (Church of Scotland) (1701-1789) New Testament in Scottish Gaelic / Samuel Bourn (1714-1796) Norwich dissenter / Hugh Farmer (1714-1787) English Dissenter / Dugald Buchanan (1716-1768) Scottish Gaelic poet / Friedrich Samuel Bock‎ (1716-1785) German philosopher / Daniel Disney (d.1722) Non-Comformist English landowner / Antoine Philippe de Marigny (1722-1779) Louisiana geographer and explorer / Rahabi Ezekiel (fl.1750s) polemecist / Peter Peckard (c.1718-1797) Whig abolitionist / William Ashdowne (1723–1810) Unitarian / James McLagan (1728-1805) Black Watch chaplain / Bishop William Newcome (1729–1800) Greek Scholar / Richard Caddick (1740-1819) English Hebraist / John Simpson (Presbyterian) (1740-1808), American Revolution / John Stuart (1743–1821) of Luss / John Simpson (Unitarian) (1746-1812), of Bath / Elhanan Winchester (1751-1797) Universalist / William Hunter (Asiatic Society) (1755-1812) official in India / Étienne Hubert de Cambacérès (1756-1818) Archbishop of Rouen / Richard Wright (Unitarian) (1764-1836) / Christian Friedrich Weber (1764-1831) German scholar / Seckel Isaac Fränkel (1765-1835) Reform rabbi, translator of the Apocrypha / Dámaso Antonio Larrañaga (1771-1848) Uruguayan priest / William Tolfrey (1778-1817) Ceylon / Johann Jakob Wirz (1778-1858) Swiss Nazarener visionary / John Hands (1780-1864) Kannada Bible / Benjamin Bailey (1791-1871) Kerala / William Swan (1791-1866) Siberia / Benjamin Nehemiah Solomon (Poland, c.1790-) Yiddish 1821 / Samuel H. Turner (1790-1861) American Hebraist / Ludwig Späth (1793-1883) German botanist / Moses Samuel (1795-1860) Liverpool clockmaker, amateur translator / William Nightingale (1794–1874), father of Florence / Walerian Krasiński (1795-1855) Polish nobleman in exile in Britain / Alexander Farkas‎ (1795-1842) Transylvanian traveller to America / William Reeve (1794-after 1835) Kannada Bible / Louis Burnier (1795-1873) Swiss Waldensian / Henry Dana Ward (1797-1884) abolitionist, Millerite George R. Noyes (1798-1868) Harvard / Christian Gottlob Barth (1799-1862) German pastor /

C. W. H. Pauli (1800-1877) Hebraist / Joseph Marsh (Adventist) (1802-1863), of Rochester / Hans Nicolajsen (1803-1856) Danish missionary to Palestine / David Brown (Free Church of Scotland) (1803-1897) biblical scholar / Samuel Munson (1804-1834) and Henry Lyman (1809-1834) Indonesia / Stephen Johnson (1803-1886) American in Fuzhou / Nathaniel Field (Adventist) (1805-1887) Indiana / Karl Wilhelm Isenberg (1806-1864) Anglican in India / John Allen Giles‎ (1808-1884) scholar of Anglo-Saxon / Lyman Jewett (1813-1897) Baptist / Lajos Hencsey (1814-1844) Hungarian Nazarener / Andrew Jukes (1815-1901) Plymouth Brethren, Hull / Dénes Lukács (colonel) (1816-1868) Hungarian nationalist /Gottfried Weigle‎ (1816-1855) Kannada language / Johann Nepomuk Sepp (1816-1909) Bavarian folk historian / Sir John Charles Bucknill (1817–1897) mental health reformer / Rev. Carl Schwartz (1817-1870) clergyman in Amsterdam / Ernst von Bunsen (1817-1893) German writer on comparative religion / John Parsons of Monghyr (d.1869) / Edward White (Free-Church minister) (1819-1898) / Miles Grant (1819-1911) American Adventist / John Taylor (doctor)‎, Joseph Taylor (missionary)‎, J. V. S. Taylor‎ (c.1820-1881) translator of Gujarati Bible, George Pritchard Taylor‎ / Rev. Henry Aaron Stern (1820-1885) captive in Abyssinia / Isaac Grout Bliss (1822-1889) Kurdistan / Abbé Claude-Joseph Drioux (1820-1898) French priest and popular educator / John Wesley Hanson (1823-1901) Universalist historian / Robert Spears‎ (1825-1899) Unitarian / William West Kirkby (1828-1907) Anglican / Philip E. Pusey (1820? d. 1880) Syriacist / Amos Sutton Hayden (1813-1880) Campbellite / Robert Durning Holt (1832-1908) mayor of Liverpool / Marvin Vincent (1834-1922) American Presbyterian / Charles Edward Smith (1835-1900s) American Baptist / Gottfried Fritschel (1836-1889) German-American Lutheran / Emmanuel Pétavel-Olliff (1836-1910) Swiss Protestant / Canon Robert Baker Girdlestone (1836-1923) Anglican Hebraist / William Ralph Churton (1837-1897) Anglican writer / Emilio Comba (1839-1904) Waldensian historian / Samuel H. Kellogg‎ (1839-1899) translator of Hindi Bible / rabbi Elias Soloweyczyk (fl.1869) ecumenical scholar and translator / Thomas Allin (Methodist) and Thomas Allin (Anglican) / Samuel Kohn (1841–1920) Chief Rabbi of Budapest / Alfred Maximilien Bonnet (1841-?) Latinist / Gaston Bonet-Maury (1842-1919) French Protestant historian / Jean Bonet (1844-1907) French orientalist / Marqués de Alta Villa (1845-1909) Spanish nobleman in Paris / Henry Sulley (1845-1940) Christadelphian / Andrés Manjón (1846-1923) Spanish priest and educator / Thomas Williams (Christadelphian) (1847-1913) / George Gwilliam (1846/7-1914) Syriacist / John Gwyn (c.1850 d.1917) Syriacist / J. Frederic McCurdy (1847-1935) Canadian Hebraist / Clarence Beckwith (1849 – 1931) American liberal theologian / Dámaso Centeno (1850-1892) Argentine military orphanage founder / Edgard de Trentinian (1851-1942) French general / Alexandros Pallis (1851-1935) / George T. Knight (Universalist) (1850-1911) / Ganga Prasad Pradhan (1851-1932) /Aleksandr Lopukhin (1852-1904) Russian Orthodox commentator / Abbé Jacques Forget (1852-1933) Arabist / A. Lukyn Williams (1853-1943) Anglican Hebraist / J. W. Thirtle (1854-1934) Old Testament scholar / José María Aguirre (c.1860? - d.1896) rebel in Cuban War of Independence / Paul Billerbeck (1853-1932) Lutheran Talmudist / George Schodde (1854-1917) American scholar of coptic / William Percival Johnson (1854-1928) Malawi / Friedrich Preisigke (1856–1924) German papyrologist / Theophilus Pinches (1856-1934) British Assyriologist / Charles Curwen Walker (1856-1940) Christadelphian / Rev. William Menzies Alexander M. D. (1858-1929) / Nicolas Siouffi (fl.1880) Yazidi writer on Sabians / Francis Gigot (1859-1920) Sulpician priest / George Milligan (1860-1934) Greek scholar / Albert Maier (1859-1944) German Christadelphian / Frank Jannaway (1859-1935) Christadelphian / William Williams (missionary) (1859-1892) in Mawphlang ‎/ R. Travers Herford (1860-1950) Unitarian rabbinical scholar / Thomas Turner (metallurgist) (1861–1951) / Heinrich Zimmern (1862-1931) German Assyriologist / James Scarth Gale (1863-1937) Presbyterian / Richard C. H. Lenski (1864-1936) Lutheran / John Merlin Powis Smith (1866-1932) Old Testament scholar / W. O. E. Oesterley (1866-1950) Hebraist / Earl Morse Wilbur (1866–1956) American Unitarian historian / George J. Fritschel (1867-1941) American Lutheran / William D. Reynolds ‎(1867-1951) American Presbyterian / Mark Lidzbarski (1868-1928) German Orientalist / Bruno Meissner (1868-1947) German Assyriologist / W.H. Boulton (1869-1964) Christadelphian, assyriologist / Henry St. John Thackeray (1869-1930) scholar on Josephus / David Evan Jones (1870-1947) Welsh Presbyterian in Mizoram / / Charles Fossey (1869-1946) French Assyriologist / A. E. Robertson (1870-1958) minister of Braes of Rannoch on the River Gaur / August Hermann Francke (Tibetologist) (1870-1930) / Lazarus Goldschmidt ‎(1871-1950) translator of the Talmud into German / Ludwig von Gerdtell (1872-1954) German Campbellite / James Kleist S.J. (1873-1949) American / Jules Lebreton (1873-1956) French Catholic scholar / John Arendzen ‎(1873-1954) Dutch priest in England / Arthur G. Nicholls and Gladstone Porteous (1874–1944) Australian Bible translators / Henry Hampton Halley (1874–1965) Disciples of Christ / Basil Atkinson (1875-1970s) Anglican / Georges Contenau (1877-1964) French Assyriologist / Clay Fulks (1880-1964) Arkansas folk atheist / Aaron Abraham Kabak (1880-1944) Lithuanian Hebrew author / William C. Irvine Timely Warnings 1917 / Goodman Lipkind (?) Jewish Encyclopedia contributor / George V. Schick‎ (1880s-1964) Lutheran / William Cadman (1883-1948) Vietnam / Oliver Chase Quick (1885-1944) Anglican / Edward Selwyn (1885-1959) Anglican / Édouard Muller (Nestlé) (1885-1948) Swiss businessman / Karol Grycz-Śmiłowski (1885-1959) Polish Unitarian / Judah Even Shemuel (1886-1976) Hebrew lexicographer / Josef Kodíček (1892–1954), and Arne Laurin (1889-1945), members of the Friday Men circle / Emil Kraeling (1892-?) American Aramaicist / Joseph Lilly C.M. (1893-1952) American Vincentian / Jacob Knaani (1894-1978) Israeli lexicographer / André Aliker (1894-1934) Martiniquais journalist / Jean de Gaillard de la Valdène (1895-1977) French World War I pilot / Wilhelm Vischer (1895-1988) Swiss Old Testament scholar / Jacob Pinkerfield (1897-1956) Israeli archaeologist / John Carter (Christadelphian) (1899-1962) / Millar Burrows (1899–1990) Qumran /

J.-M. Paul Bauchet (1900-?) French Hebraist / Ezra Zion Melamed (1903-1994) Israeli lexicographer / Irving I. Stone (1903-1989) sponsor of Stone Chumash / Amédée Fengarol (1905-1951) Guadeloupean politician / Jean Galbraith (1906-1999) Australian gardener and poet / Allen Wikgren (1906-1998) Greek scholar / Coslett Quinn (1907-1995) Irish Bible translator / Albert Schlicklin (1857-1932) ‎French priest in Vietnam / Abbé Jean Starcky (1909-1988) Dead Sea scrolls / Ulrich Ernst Simon (1913-1997) Anglican / William F. Beck (1904-1966) Lutheran / Reuben Alcalay (1907-1976) Israeli lexicographer / J. Stafford Wright (c.1908-1985) Anglican / Matthew Black (1908-1994) editor of UBS GNT / Edgar Papu (1908-1993) Romanian nationalist literary historian / Jack Finegan (1908-2000) chronologist / Arthur Võõbus (1909-1988) Estonian scholar of syriac language / Georgios Mavros (1909-1995) Deputy Prime Minister of Greece, founder of National Bank of Greece Cultural Foundation / Johane Maranke (1912-1963) Zimbabwean Christian leader, prophet / J. Meirion Lloyd (1913-1998) Mizoram / Jerzy Tabeau (1917) Polish escapee from Auschwitz / Dionys Lenard (1915?) Slovakian Jewish escapee from Majdanek / Philip Edgecumbe Hughes (c.1915-1990) Anglican / George Huntston Williams (1914-2000) historian of Anabaptism / Julia Batino 1914-1942) Macedonian Jewish women's activist /Philip Vielhauer (1914-1977) & Wilhelm Schneemelcher (1914-2003) German scholars of apocrypha / Abbé Jean Carmignac (1914–1986) Revue de Qumran / Alejandro Díez Macho (1916-1984) Spanish Hebraist / G. Johannes Botterweck (1917-1981) German Catholic scholar / Helmer Ringgren (b.1917) Swedish Hebraist / Alexander Fuks (1917-1978) German-Israeli archeologist / Rudolf Macúch (1919-1993) Slovak scholar of Mandaeism / Burton H. Throckmorton Jr. (1921-2009) American New Testament scholar / Aldo Stella (historian)‎ (1923-2007) Italian historian / Alan Hayward (1923-2008) old earth creationist / Thomas Cosmades (1924-2010) Greek-Turkish Evangelical / Bernardo Hurault (1924-2004) French Claretian priest / Per Beskow (b.1926) Swedish scholar / Albert Merz (d. April 3 1941) conscientious objector / Eta Linnemann (1926-2009) Biblical scholar / Magne Sæbø (1929) Norwegian Old Testament scholar / Arthur L. Hammond (fl.1954) Cambodia / Dietz-Otto Edzard (1930-2004) grammarian of Sumerian / Alan Eyre (b.1930) Jamaican geographer / Lech Szczucki (b.1933) Polish historian / Borislav Arapović (b.1935) Croatian-Swedish poet and IBT founder / Michael E. Stone (b.1938) Armenianologist / Takamitsu Muraoka (1938) Japanese Hebraist / Émile Puech (b.1941) Manuscrits de la mer Morte / Heinz-Josef Fabry (b.1944) German Hebraist / Oskar Skarsaune (b.1946) Norwegian scholar of early Christianity / Gérard Gagnon (c.1940?) French Canadian priest in Vietnam / Susan Treggiari‎ ( ) classical scholar / Levi Rahmani‎ (b.? fl.1960s-2000s) Israeli archaeologist / Mihály Balázs (b.1948) Hungarian historian / Simon Claude Mimouni (b.1949) French biblical scholar / Katalin É. Kiss (1949) Hungarian grammarian / Stanley E. Porter (b.1956) grammarian of Greek / Tal Ilan (b.1956) Israeli-born feminist historian / Frédéric Rousseau French social historian / Alexei Veselkin (1961) Russian actor and TV game show / Robert du Mesnil du Buisson (1895-1986) French archaeologist / Clark Hopkins (1895-1976) American archeologist /

Maurilius of Angers (336-426) Milanese bishop in France / William Slade (valet) Lincoln's valet, and Samuel Beckwith Grant's telegraph officer / Léon Vaganay (1882-1969) French New Testament scholar / Bo Reicke 1914–1987) Swedish biblical scholar / Rudolf Handmann (1862–1940) Swiss pastor, professor / Peter Lebrecht Schmidt (1933) German classical / W. R. Schoemaker 1863 -1937) American biblical scholar / Ron Cameron (biblical scholar) Wesleyan University / Albertus Klijn (1923-2012) Dutch scholar of New / Johann Benjamin Koppe (1750-1791) German Lutheran theologian / Herder / Josef Schmid (theologian) (1883-1975) German Catholic theologian / Carl Schmidt (Coptologist) (1868-1938) German Coptologist / Max Fränkel (1846-1903) German Jewish classical scholar and epigrapher / Karl Ludwig Schmidt (1891-1956) German Protestant theologian / Alfred Schmidtke (fl.1900s) German papyrologist in the Balkans / Günter Grönbold (1943) German Indologist and Tibetologist vs. Holger Kersten / Khwaja Nazir Ahmad (1897-?) Ahmadi writer / Khwaja Muhammad Azam Didamari (died 1765) Kashmiri Sufi historian /

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Salmawaih ibn Bunan (d.840) Nestorian physician / Jehan Yperman (c.1260-c.1331) Flemish surgeon / Pierre de l'Argentière (fl.1330s) Medieval French doctor / Muhammed Azam Didamari Kashmiri historian / Aryaraja fictional king of Kashmir who features in Kalhana's The Chronicle of the Kings of Kashmir / Aban al-Lahiqi of Basra (c.750-815 or 816) Persian language poet / Tarikh-i-Kashmir of Mullah Nadiri ‎(fl.1420) / Howard Walter (1883-Lahore, 1918) American Congregationalist / Maurice Durand (linguist) (1914-1966) French-Vietnamese linguist / Minn Latt (1925-1985) Burmese linguist in Czechoslovakia / Girolamo Maiorica (b.1591-1656) Jesuit missionary in Vietnam / Norbert Klatt German scholar of Buddhism / Heinrich August Jäschke (1817-1883) Moravian in Tibet / Haji Mohi-ud-din Miskin‎ Kashmiri historian / Nabi Khanyari (fl.1850s) ‎Kashmiri historian / Saadullah Shahabadi (fl.1780s) Kashmiri poet and historian / Haidar Malik (1620s) Kashmiri soldier and historian / Lucien Leclerc (1816-1893) French military doctor and translator in Algeria / Dawud al-Antaki (d.1599) Arabic medical writer / Shi Suxi (1924-2006) Shaolin abbot and Shi De Yang (1968) Master of the Fighting Monks / Louis Effler Ohio popular medical writer / Karl Marx (medical missionary in Tibet) (1857-Ladakh, 1891) / Aziz Kashmiri Ahmaddiya editor / Herbert Youtie (1904-1980) and Louise Youtie (1909-2004) American papyrologists / António Luís Gomes (1863-1961) Portuguese jurist / Abubakr Ben Ishmael Salahuddin American Ahmadi writer / ‎Valentin Zarnik (1837-1888) Slovenian nationalist politician / Theodor Ludwig Lau (1670-1740) German radical atheist / Bruce Malina 1933) Context Group biblical scholar / Miguel Mejía (politician) Dominican socialist / James Thayer Addison (1887–1953) American Episcopalian / J. Archibald Douglas (1866- ) Agra / Louis Adolphe Bonard (1805-1867) French admiral / François Blanchetière French New Testament scholar / Siegfried Obermeier (1936-2011) German author / Zafarnama (Nizamaddin Sami) / John Davidson (UK writer) (1944) English writer on mysticism and Christian origins / Cornelian Dende (1915-1996) Polish-American Franciscan priest / Éric Breton French composer / Violaine Prince (1958) is a French-Lebanese composer / Yuki Kato (geisha) 1881-1963) Japanese geisha / André Paul 1933) French biblical scholar / Abdul Rahim Dard Ahmadi / Spencer Lavan Unitarian Universalist / Matsumura Kaiseki 1859-1939) founder of Dokai / Éric Vigne editor for Éditions Gallimard / Lloyd Laing British Celtic archaeologist / José Antonio Jimenes Domínguez (1887-1938) Dominican Republic judge / Vítor Viana (journalist) (1881-1937) Brazilian journalist, lawyer and historian / Atiq Ullah (Kashmiri muslim leader) / Nöel-Étienne Henry pharmacist / Richard Denton (producer)‎ of Comrades (TV documentary series) / Émile Lombard (biblical scholar) (1875-1963) French-Swiss biblical scholar / Gerald Thubron (1903-1992) English career soldier /

2 June - 9 July

Francisco Layna Serrano (1893-1971) Spanish historian / Trương Quang Được (1940) Vietnamese politician / Brocas helm / Ivan Yanakov Bulgarian pianist based in London / Chopin Festival / Vienna Spring Festival / Janáček Music Festival / London Chamber Players 2011 / Angel Melendez and the 911 Mambo Orchestra Chicago Latin jazz band / Macolla Nicaraguan salsa band / ¡Sin Salsa No Hay Paraíso! 2011, 63rd album by El Gran Combo de Puerto Rico / Place names of Vietnam / Kẻ Sặt, Hải Dương Province / Bến Nghé historic area of Saigon / Thuận An estuary / Luộc River / Tam Điệp pass / Nguyễn Quang Hồng (1940) Vietnamese lexicographer / Quốc Trung (1966) pop musician / Tên chữ / Kjell Mørk Karlsen (1947) Norwegian composer and organist / Moisès Bertran (1967) Catalan composer / Jesús Rodríguez Picó (1953) Catalan composer / Radio Symfonie Orkest / Netherlands Radio Chamber Philharmonic / Roberta Alexander (1949) American soprano / Etcetera Records / Ars Musici / Hôtel de Pékin 2008 opera by Willem Jeths / Černín Palace / Humprecht Jan Černín (1628-1682) Czech noble and diplomat / Michael Costigan (writer) (1931) Australian Roman Catholic writer / Talk That Talk (Jackie Wilson song) 1960 / Freimut Duve (1936) German politician / Jerotej Račanin (1650-1727) Serbian writer and copyist / Miranda de Souza Canavarro (1849-1933) Portuguese, first convert to Buddhism on American soil / Carl Heinrich Zöllner (1792–1836) German composer / Lajos Vető (1904-1989) Hungarian Lutheran bishop / Marie Červinková-Riegrová (1854-1895) Czech writer / Dmitri (Joncières opera) 1876 / Centre de musique romantique française Fondation Bru Union de Pharmacologie Scientifique Appliquée / La Reverdie / Kaşgarli Mahmut Prize 2008 / Hanina of Sura (5th C) Babylonian Amora / Adolfo Pichardo (1939) Cuban pianist and composer / Nora Gubisch (1971) French mezzosoprano / La Stellidaura vendicante 1674 Provenzale / Franco Fagioli (1981) Argentine contratenor / Sébastien Daucé French conductor / Koikuchi shirt Japanese carp mouth silk shirt / Extras (film) 2001 China / ‎

Religion

Ancient Near East to Second Temple - Ancient Near East studies / Akkadisches Handwörterbuch / Arslan Tash reliefs Arslan Tash amulets / Dūr-Katlimmu Assyrian city / ‎KTU² / waw-conjunctive / pluralis excellentiae / Law of Moses / Priesthood (Ancient Israel) / peace offering / drink offering / thank offering / Temple treasury / Court of the women / Pele-joez-el-gibbor-abi-ad-sar-shalom / Ithobaal III, Ezekiel's cherub in Eden / Sefire treaty inscriptions / Hebrew and Aramaic papyri / Nahal Hever ‎brook / Wadi Daliyeh / Dead Sea scrolls 4QInstruction / 4Q510-511 Songs of the Sage / 4Q246 Aramaic Apocalypse / 4Q521 Messianic Apocalypse / 11Q13 / Angelic tongues / Worship of angels / Lailah/ Second death / Destroying angel (Bible) / Wisdom (personification) / Temple tax / Jewish magical papyri / Jewish Koine Greek /

Early Christianity to Middle Ages - Koine Greek grammar / Greek inscriptions / homoiōma Greek likeness / ego eimi Greek I am / monogenēs‎ Greek only-begotten / katatomē incision / aphedron Greek for latrine / women at the crucifixion / Bible translations into Greek / Bible translations into Latin / Pre-existence of Christ / Seed of the woman / New creation (theology) /

Synod of Constantinople (543) / Dialogue of Jason and Papiscus (c.160), Dialogue of Athanasius and Zacchaeus (4th C.), Dialogue of Simon and Theophilus (5th C.), and Dialogue of Timothy and Aquila (6th C.) / Persian Diatessaron / Haran Gawaita, Mandaean text / Christian polemics and apologetics in the Middle Ages / The Key of Truth, Armenian Paulician text / Slavonic rai (paradise) / Mar Elias Monastery‎, Israel / Church of Zion, Jerusalem / Jewish polemics and apologetics in the Middle Ages / Milhamoth ha-Shem, 12th C. tract / Sefer Joseph Hamekane 13th C. / Sefer Nizzahon Yashan 13th C. / Rabbinical translations of Matthew / Birkat haMinim / phrase yimakh shemo / Azharot / Armleder pogrom (1366) / Black Death persecutions 1348-1350 / Brussels massacre (1370) / Bagdana medieval Jewish demon /

Reformation onwards - relaxado en persona Spanish burnt at the stake / Anabaptist Council of Venice‎ 1550 / Pińczów Academy 1550-1565 / Synods of Pińczów 1550-1563 / Synod of Skrzynno‎ 1567 / John Sigismund Unitarian Academy 1557-present / Diet of Lécfalva 1600 / Racovian Academy 1602-1638 / Racovian New Testament 1606, 1630 / Biblioteca fratrum Polonorum 1658 / Summa Universae Theologiae Christianae secundum Unitarios‎ 1787 / British and Foreign Unitarian Association 1825 / "Biblical Unitarianism" 1860s / Protestant Faculty of Theology in Paris at the Collège Rollin (1877) / Collège-lycée Jacques-Decour / Religionsgeschichtliche Schule / Christian Register Unitarian magazine / Megiddo Church, 1880 / Deutscher Evangelischer Kirchenbund (1922-1933) Weimar Republic / Elpis Lodge hostel 1940-1948 / Bibliotheca dissidentium 1966-2008 / Towards the conversion of England 1945 / Encyclopedia Talmudica / New Jewish Encyclopedia / Mossad Harav Kook / Central Synagogue, Sydney / Bible translations into Irish‎, Bible translations into Cornish‎, Bible translations into Yiddish etc. / Irish Council of Churches‎ ecumenical body / The Christian / Visual Bible / Living Bibles International /

Sediari papal chairbearers / College of the Neophytes, Rome / Cathedral of Sigüenza / Old Cathedral, Salamanca / Sancta Sanctorum, Vatican / St Thomas' Church, Prague / Ďáblice cemetery / St Catherine's Church, Gdańsk / Church of Notre-Dame of Dijon‎ / Cathedral of Sucre / Church of Notre-Dame-des-Blancs-Manteaux, Paris / Christianity in Malawi ‎/ Coptic Theological Seminary, Cairo / Deir el-Muharraq monastery, Egypt / Källunge parish on Gotland / Virgin of Nuria / St. Anne's Church, Dresden / stubs Collegiate Basilica of Xàtiva, Vic Cathedral, Tortosa Cathedral, Terrassa Cathedral, Seu Nova, Sant Feliu de Llobregat Cathedral, Ibiza Cathedral, Castelló Cathedral, Solsona Cathedral / Sediari pontifici / Pangaltı old Catholic quarter of Şişli, Istanbul / Armenian Sisters of the Immaculate Conception Personification in the Bible / Egli-Figuren / Berliner griechische Urkunden 1895 / Cathedral of San Lorenzo Martire, Tivoli‎ / La Nau Real Colegio Seminario del Corpus Christi Valencia /

Dodecapharmacum Apostles' Ointment / Mir Kvand's Rawżat aṣ-ṣafāʾ 1497 Garden of Purity / Throne of Solomon / Philoxenian version and Harklean Version / Edward Gwynn (1868-1941) / John Gwynn (professor) / ‎Love of money ‎/ Great Church historical concept / Christ in the winepress / Santuario de la Cueva Santa Santa Cueva de Montserrat Oratorio de la Santa Cueva / Afrikaanse Christelike Vrouevereniging / Hospital de la Caridad (Seville)

Literature

Changhen ge Tang poem / Rekishi monogatari genre ‎/ Shikyō four mirror histories / Harusame Monogatari / (Rashōmon (Noh play) / The Cloud Dream of the Nine / Abu al-Hasan al-Shushtari‎ (1212-1269) Sufi poet / Nicolas Filleul de La Chesnaye (1530-1575?) French poet and dramatist / Nicolò Beregan (1627-1713) opera librettist / Pietro Pariati (1665-1733) Italian librettist and imperial poet / Francisco Covarrubias (1775-1850) Cuban actor and dramatist / Jean Hyacinthe Galoppe d'Onquaire (1805-1867) French dramatist / Pylyp Morachevskyi (1806-1879) Ukranian poet, translator of the Gospels into Ukrainian / Jacques Normand (1848-1931) French playwright / Robert de Bonnières (1850-1905) French poet / Revue politique et littéraire / Lumír bard in Czech legend, Czech literary magazine 1851 / Carmen Karr (1865-1943) Catalan feminist writer / Jan Bor (1886-1943) and František Kubka (1894-1969) / Franz Koch (writer) (1888-1969) Germanist / Yanette Delétang-Tardif (1902-1976) French poetess / Leonid Martynov (1905-1980) Russian poet / Jan Otčenášek (1924-1979) Czech novelist Romeo, Juliet and Darkness / Ernest Tursunov (b.1935) Kyrgyzstani poet / Lê Lựu (1942) Vietnamese author / Naomi Gal (b.1944) Israeli novelist / Zou Jingzhi (1952) Chinese playwright and librettist / Georg Klein (German writer) (1953) / Xu Ying (1962) librettist / Abdul Rahman Majeed al-Rubaie (1939) Iraqi author / Ragnar Jändel 1895-1939) Swedish poet / Emil Kléen (1868-1898) Swedish poet / Güzin Dino ( ) Turkish literary scholar / Azmiye Hami Güven, 1904-1954 Turkish woman novelist / Jovan Nikolić (writer) (1955) Serbian writer in Germany / Elisabet Hermodsson (1927) Swedish writer / Mélanie Watt French-Canadian children's author / Norman A. Fox westerns / Stojan Srdić (1950) Serbian playwright and novelist / Stéphane Huet (comics) / Nara Lokesh Indian politician / Domentijan Serbian monk / Jakov of Serres (1300-1370) Serbian monk / Georgije Magarašević (1793-1830) Serbian writer / Jovan Nikolić (priest) Serbian-Orthodox priest in Zagreb, Croatia / Josef Stejskal (dramatist) (1897–1942) Czech theatre director /

Ester Rachel Kamińska (1870-1925) Yiddish theatre / Zalmen Zylbercweig ‎(1894-1972) historian of Yiddish theatre / Leksikon fun yidishn teater / Abba Kompaneyets (1870—1946) Yiddish theatre troupe manager ‎/ Jacques Companéez (1906-1956) Russian-French screenplay writer / Institut français / Le Petit Futé / newspapers Sidwaya and L'Observateur Paalga / Hispanic Link 1980 / Hélder Prista Monteiro (1922-1994) Portuguese absurdist playwright / Hélder Macedo (1935) Portuguese writer in London / A Barraca theatre and Hélder Costa (1939) Portuguese dramatist / Xeración Nós Galician nationalist literature movement, and Editorial Galaxia / Rafael Dieste (1899-1981) Galician poet / Henri-Paul Pellaprat chef / Henri Gault‎ food critic /

Film

Stanislav Látal ‎(1919-1994) Czech animator / Hồ Quang Minh (1949) Vietnamese-born Swiss film director / Union of Theatre Workers of the Russian Federation / Prix Lumière film prize / Lyes Salem (1973) Algerian film director / Sewamono bunraku and kabuki / The Love Suicides at Sonezaki (1981 puppet film) / Linie 3 Danish musical comedy act / Alireza Davood Nejad (1332 A.H.) Iranian film director / La jaula de oro (1987 film) 1987 Mexican film / Brave People (film) Soviet Union / Extras (film) China / Kazakh National Academy of Arts film / Conservatoire d'art dramatique de Montréal /

Visual arts

Domenico Rossi (1657–1737) Venetian architect / Joseph De Cauwer (1778-1854) Belgian painter / Édouard Muller (painter) (1823-1876) Swiss artist / Jules Adler (1865-1952) French painter of labour / Antoni de Falguera (1876-1947) Catalan architect / Ber Zalkind ‎(1878-1944) Lithuanian Jewish artist / Lazar Drljača (1881–1970) Bosnian painter / Iosif Langbard (1882-1951) Soviet architect / Jovan Bijelić‎ (1884-1964) Serbian painter / Petar Šain (1885–1965) Bosnian artist / Karlo Mijić (1887–1964) Bosnian painter / Jean Bouchaud (1891-1977) / Daniel Kabiljo (1894-1944) ‎Bosnian Jewish painter / Roman Petrović (1896-1947) Bosnian artist / Karel Hájek (1900-1978) Czech photographer / Slavko Brill (1900-1943) Croatian Jewish ceramics artist / Édouard André (art collector), husband of Nélie Jacquemart / Ulysse Gémignani (1906-1973) French sculptor / Vojo Dimitrijević (1910-1980) Bosnian painter / Daniel Ozmo (1912-1942) Bosnian Jewish painter / Lucien Génin (1894-1953) French painter / Statens Kunstfond Demmark /

Charles P. Gruppé (1860-1940) American painter / Albert Herzfeld 1865-1943 German Jewish painter / Auguste Feyen-Perrin 1826-1888) French painter / Florentijn Hofman Dutch artist, creator of Rubber Duck / Alexander Gorlizki 1967) is a British artist resident in Staten Is Riyaz Uddin (painter) / Jacques Pilavaine (fl.1460s) manuscript illuminator Les sept âges du monde / Émile Lombard French painter / Vladimir Petković (art historian) (1874-1956) Serbian art historian / Francisco Hernández Tomé Spanish mural painter / Jusepe Martínez painter / Arte Calle Cuba /

Société des Peintres Orientalistes Français et Léonce Bénédite (1856-1925) curator / Société Coloniale des Artistes Français / Peintres voyageurs / Villa Abd-el-Tif 1907-1961 Algiers / Casa de Velázquez 1929- / Ludwig Deutsch (1855-1935) / Rudolf Ernst (1854-1932) / Paul Leroy (1860-1942) French Orientalist painter / Prix de l'Indochine : André Maire (1898-1984) French painter / Jean Despujols (1886-Shreveport, 1965) / Georges Barrière (1881-1944) / Henri Dabadie (1867-1949) / Antoine Ponchin (1872-1934) French painter / Paul Jouve (1878-1973) / Raymond Virac (1892-1946) / Jules Besson (1868-?) French painter in Indochina / Lucien Lièvre (1878-1936) French painter / Louis Rollet ( 1895-1988) French painter in Madagascar / Louis Bate (1898 - Da Lat 1948) /

silk painting, lacquer painting / Ho Chi Minh City Museum of Fine Arts ‎/ École des Beaux-Arts de l’Indochine 1925-1945: Victor Tardieu‎ (1870-1937) and Nam Sơn (1890-1973) co-founders, Dương Bích Liên (1924-1988), Hoàng Lập Ngôn, Hoàng Tích Chù, Huỳnh Văn Gấm (1922-1987), Lê Thị Lựu (1911-1988) painter in Paris, Lê Văn Đệ (1906-1966), Nguyễn Gia Trí (1908-1993), Nguyễn Khang (painter) (1912-1989), Nguyễn Phan Chánh (1892-1984), Nguyễn Sáng (1923-1988), Nguyễn Sỹ Ngọc (1919-1990), Nguyễn Tường Lân (1906-1946), Nguyễn Văn Tỵ artist (1917-1992), Phan Kế An (1923-), Tô Ngọc Vân (1906-1954), Trần Trọng Vũ (1964-), Trần Văn Cẩn (1910-1994), Tạ Tỵ (1922-2004), Văn Cao (1923-1995), Vũ Cao Đàm (1908-2000), / Évariste Jonchère (1892–1956) sculptor / Alix Aymé (1894-1989) French woman painter / André Joyeux (?-?) French artist 1913 Saigon / Joseph Inguimberty (1896-1971) French painter in Hanoi / Trần Quang Hiếu (1938-1985) artist / Đào Sĩ Chu (1911-1974) / Nguyễn Khoa Toàn (1898-1965) / Dương Văn Đen (1919-1988) / Nguyễn Đỗ Cung (1912-1977) / Diệp Minh Châu (1919-2002) / Nguyễn Tư Nghiêm (1919-) / Nguyễn Thị Kim (1917-2011) Vietnamese woman sculptor / Đỗ Quang Em (1942) painter / Đỗ Thị Ninh (1947) woman painter / Trương Tân 1963 painter / Đinh Ý Nhi (1967) woman painter / Vũ Dân Tân (1946-2009) painter / Trần Văn Thọ (1917-) Vietnamese painter /

Vietnam

Myth - Four Palaces (Tứ Phủ) / Chử Ðồng Tử / Sơn Tinh / Bà Chúa Kho (Lady of the Storehouse) / Thánh Gióng /

History - Sơn Vi culture (20,000-12,000 BC), Bắc Sơn culture (10,000-8,000 BC) / Quỳnh Văn culture (8,000-6,000 BC), Đa Bút culture (6,000-5,000 BC) Bronze Age / Phùng Nguyên culture (5,000-4,000 BC) / Đồng Đậu culture (4,000-2,500 BC) / Gò Mun culture (2,500-2,000 BC) / Bắc thuộc 1,000 years / Early Lý Dynasty (544 to 602) / Trà Kiệu remains of the ancient city of Simhapura / Lâm Ấp in Chinese Linyi pre-Champa region / Tượng Lâm in Chinese Xianglin / Luy Lâu capital / Phong Châu capital / Đại La Hanoi in 7th and 8th Centuries / Ái Châu under 3rd domination / Tống Bình of Jiaozhi / Confucian examination system in Vietnam / Viện cơ mật Privy Council / Lam Sơn uprising 1418-1427 and Battle of Tốt Động – Chúc Động ‎1426 / Sip Song Chau Thai / Bãi Sậy uprising 1885-1889 / Hội Trí Tri movement / Tân Việt Revolutionary Party / Vietnam Revolutionary Youth League‎ / Communist League of Indochina 1929 /‎ Landmines in the Vietnam War / Kim Liên museum and memorials: Đồng Lộc Junction, Bình An Cemetery, Mai Dịch Cemetery, Trường Sơn Cemetery / Tomb of Dục Đức / Temple of Literature, Mao Điền / Institute of Hán-Nôm Studies /

Biographies - Nguyễn Bặc (924-979) Vietnamese general and administrator under Đinh Bộ Lĩnh / Nùng Tồn Phúc Nong Quanfu (d.1039), Zhuang warlord of Cao Bằng / Từ Đạo Hạnh (1072-1116) monk at the Thay Pagoda / Phanya Coeng (fl.1180) Dai king / Mạc Đĩnh Chi (1280–1350) scholar / Emperors Lê Hiến Tông (1461–1504) 6th emperor of Lê dynasty / Lý Tế Xuyên (fl.1400) / Mạc Hiến Tông (?–1546), Mạc Tuyên Tông (?-1561), Mạc Mậu Hợp (1560–1592), Mạc Toàn (?–1593) /‎ Emperors Lê Trung Tông (Later Lê) (1535–1556), Lê Chân Tông (1630–1649), Lê Duy Phường (1709–1735), Lê Thần Tông (1607–1662), Lê Ý Tông (1719–1759), Lê Thuần Tông (1699–1735) / Nguyễn Lữ (1754-1787) youngest of the three Tây Sơn brothers / Nguyễn Quang Toản (1783–1802) third and last emperor of the Tây Sơn Dynasty / Nguyễn Văn Thành (1758–1817) Vietnamese general and governor under Gia Long / Thoại Ngọc Hầu (1761-1829) Vietnamese military administrator / Jean-Denis Gauthier (1810-1877) French bishop in Vietnam / Théophile Le Grand de la Liraye (1819-1873) Roman Catholic Priest / Phan Văn Hớn (1830-1886) farmer who led uprising /‎ Nguyễn Quang Bích (1832-1890) poet and independence activist / Đinh Công Tráng (1842-1887) leader of the Ba Đình Uprising in 1888 / Hoàng Diệu (1828-1882) governor of Hanoi who comitted suicide on French capture / Nguyễn Sinh Sắc (1862–1929) Hồ Chí Minh's father / Jean-Félix Krautheimer (1874-1943) governor of French Indochina 1929-1934 / Võ Văn Tần (1894-1941) revolutionary / Nguyễn Bình (1906-1951) Viet Minh / Lý Tự Trọng (1914-1931) Vietnamese revolutionary / Võ Thị Sáu (1933-1952) schoolgirl revolutionary / Nguyễn Tân Văn Marcel Văn (1928-1959) Redemptorist monk / Nguyễn Tri Phương (c1806-1873) general / Tạ Văn Phụng (d.1865) / Đèo Văn Trị (1849-1908),‎ Deo Nang Toï (1914-2008) / Dao Shixun (1928-) current Dai chieftain in China /

Works - Đại Nam nhất thống chí geographical record of Nguyễn dynasty / Lĩnh Nam chích quái / Truyền kỳ mạn lục ‎16th C / Tống Trân Cúc Hoa 18thC / Phạm Tải - Ngọc Hoa / Nhị độ mai "The Plum Tree Blossoms Twice" nôm poem / Truyện Thạch Sanh / Trạng Quỳnh / Phạm Công - Cúc Hoa / Hạnh Thục ca 1885 "Song of Voyage to Thục" / Truyện Trinh thử / Quốc âm thi tập 1440 / Trúc Lâm 13thC Bamboo Grove school / Việt Điện U Linh Tập "Spirits of the Departed" 1400 / Lục Tỉnh Tân Văn 1907 / Alliance of Arts and Literature Associations of Vietnam / Vietnam Writers' Association /

Writers - Thông Biện (d.1134) Buddhist / Phạm Công Trứ (1600-1675) scholar-official and historian / Vũ Quỳnh (1452-1516) scholar / Phan Phu Tiên (1370-1482) scholar-official and historian / Ngô Thì Nhậm (1746–1803) writer on Buddhism / Phan Huy Chú (1782–1840) Vietnamese scholar / Đặng Trần Côn / Phan Huy Ích / Nguyễn Gia Thiều (1741-1798) poet / Nguyễn Thị Bích (1830-1909) court poetess / Paulus Huỳnh Tịnh Của (1834-1907) / Lương Văn Can (1854-1927) Nhà nước, "The State" / Gilbert Trần Chánh Chiếu (1868-1919) "l'Affaire Gilbert Chieu" / Trần Quý Cáp (1870-1908) poet / Phạm Duy Tốn (1881-1924) writer, father of songwriter / Nguyễn Văn Vĩnh (1882–1936) Vietnamese journalist / Đông Dương tạp chí 1912 / Hoàng Tích Chu (1897-1933) journalist / Duy Tân hội (1904-1912) / Nguyễn Bính (1918-1966) Vietnamese poet / Hà Huy Khoái (1946) Vietnamese mathematician / Hà Văn Tấn (1937) historian / Trần Quốc Vượng (1934-2005) historian / Trần Lâm (1922-2011) writer / Tự Lực văn đoàn / Khái Hưng (1896-1947) / Nhất Linh (1905-1963) / Lưu Quang Vũ (1948-1988) and Xuân Quỳnh (1942-1988) poets / Đông Hồ (poet) (1906-1969) Ðông Pháp Thời Báo (Indochina Times) 1923-1928 / Đường luật / Tản Đà (1889-1939) Vietnamese poet / Thơ mới "New Poetry" 1930s / Bà Huyện Thanh Quan (1805-1848) woman poet / Trần Tế Xương (1870-1907) satirist / Chinh phụ ngâm "Lament of the soldier's wife" / Đoàn Thị Điểm (1705-1748) poetess / Nguyễn Huy Tưởng (1912-1960) Vietnamese writer / Nguyễn Khắc Viện (1913-1997) historian, creator of Dưỡng sinh health / Trịnh Bửu Hoài (1952) poet / Phan Huy Lê (1934) historian / Lưu Thị Yến, penname Thụy An (1916-1989) dissident Nhân Văn woman poet / Đào Duy Anh (1904-1988) Vietnamese-French Dictionary, lexicographer / Nguyễn Hữu Đang (1913-2007) Nhân Văn journalist / Lê Đạt (1929-2008) Nhân Văn poet / Phùng Quán (1932–1995) Nhân Văn novelist / Quang Dũng (1921–1988) Nhân Văn poet / Vi Huyền Đắc 1899-1976) playwright / Nam Xương (1905-1958) playwright / Vũ Đình Long (1896-1960) play A cup of Poison 1931 / Anh Thơ (1921-2005) / Vân Đài (?-1964) poetess / Mộng Tuyết (1914-2007) / Vũ Ngọc Phan (1902-1987) married to Hằng Phương (1908-1983) poetess / Học Phi (1913) dramatist / Hoàng Châu Ký (1921-2008) scholar / Nguyễn Địch Dũng (1925) journalist writer / Trần Thị Lý (1933-1992) Vietnamese communist party member / Ma Văn Kháng (1936-) writer / Nguyễn Khải (1930-2008) Vietnamese writer / Trần Vũ (1962) Vietnamese-language writer living in France / Lê Minh Khuê (1949) woman writer / Nguyễn Minh Châu (1930-1989) / Nguyễn Huy Thiệp (1950-) Vietnamese writer / Phạm Duy Khiêm (1908-1974) academic and diplomat in France, brother of songwriter / Trần Văn Giáp (1902-1973) historian of Buddhism / Tạ Chí Đại Trường ( ) living historian /

Singers - Popular music of Vietnam: Làn Sóng Xanh awards / Hoàng Trọng (1922-1998) songwriter / Lam Phương 1937 songwriter / Tuấn Ngọc (1947) Vietnamese male singer / Duy Khánh (1936-2003) / Hoàng Oanh (1950) singer / Thái Thanh (1934) / Hoàng Thị Thơ ( ) / Bức Tường band / Cẩm Vân (b.1959) / Ánh Tuyết (1961) / Cẩm Ly (1970) and Hà Phương (1972) / Thanh Thảo (singer) 1977 ‎/ Thanh Hà (singer) / Hồ Quỳnh Hương 1980 / Hiền Thục (1981) / Phạm Quỳnh Anh (1984) / Đông Nhi 1988 / Minh Hằng (1987) / Bảo Thy (1988) / Thùy Chi 1990 / Lynda Trang Đài (1968) / Ngọc Lan (1956-2001) / Ái Liên (1918-1991) folk singer, mother of singer Ái Vân (1954) / Lệ Thu (1943) singer / Vân Khánh (1978) traditional singer / Thu Hiền (1952) traditional singer / Cẩm Ly and sister Hà Phương (1972) pop singers / Trần Văn Khê (1921) Vietnamese musicologist / Trần Hiếu 1936, Trung Kiên, Quý Dương (1937-2011) "3C" old singers / Lê Dung (1951-2001) Vietnamese soprano opera singer / Vân Khánh (1978) folk / Thu Hiền (1952) folk /

Music - ca Huế Hue songs / đàn hồ Vietnamese erhu / đàn tam, đàn tứ types of lute, t'rưng xylophone, cảnh, sênh tiền, bro, Guitar phím lõm, klông pút xylophone, phách clappers used by vocalist in ca trù song / trống cơm "rice drum", trống chầu drum, trống cái bass drum / Dạ cổ hoài lang ("Missing the husband at war") 1919 by songwriter Cao Văn Lầu / Lan và Điệp song / trường ca genre of Vietnamese "long song" / Trống quân singing /

Culture - Vietnamese philosophy / Hoàng Cầm stove / Nón quai thao hat, Dép lốp sandals, Khăn rằn scarf / Áo gấm / Vietnamese martial arts, Võ thuật Bình Định martial arts / Tổ tôm Vietnamese card game / Bánh bó pressed fruit, Bún ốc, Bún mắm gumbo, Cơm hến, Cơm lam, Chuối chiên fried bananas, Bánh phu thê, Bánh in, Chả trứng omlette / Hồ Chí Minh Prize / Thế Giới Publishers / film Golden Kite Prize Cánh diều vàng / Đông Hồ village, Vạn Phúc silk village, Hàng Mã Street, Hanoi / Nguyễn Thái Học Street, Hanoi / Thuốc Nam medicine / Xã Đoài orange /

Geography - Hồng Lĩnh mountain / Vàm Cỏ and Soài Rạp rivers, Đồng Tháp Mười wetlands / Thác Bà Lake dam / Mông Dương / Pác Bó cave / Mã Pí Lèng Pass, Cù Mông Pass, Khau Phạ Pass, Ngoạn Mục Pass / Bãi Cháy beach resort, Hải Hòa Beach / Hai Bà Trưng Temple / Bà Triệu Temple ‎/ Dương Đông, main town on Phú Quốc island / Hai Bà Trưng Temple / Hoằng Pháp Temple / Dâu pagoda / Thế Miếu / Buôn Kuốp Hydroelectric Power Station, Đa Nhim Hydroelectric Power Station, Thác Mơ Hydroelectric Power Plant, Trị An Lake‎ / Bình Triệu Bridge, Thanh Trì Bridge, Thăng Long Bridge, Vĩnh Tuy Bridge, Nhật Tân Bridge Chương Dương Bridge / Bảo Định Canal and Tiền River / Bình Trị Thiên (1975-1992) was a former administrative grouping of three provinces / huyện district / phủ administrative unit /

Hoàng Xuân Hãn (1908-1996) Vietnamese professor of mathematics, linguist, historian / David G. Marr American historian of Vietnam / Nguyễn Văn Tố 1889-1947 Vietnamese literary scholar/ Bùi Bằng Đoàn (1889–1955) Vietnamese politician / Nông Văn Vân (d.1835) / Khuông Việt (933-1011), Không Lộ (1016-1094), Giác Hải (fl.1100) Vietnamese Buddhist zen monks / Battle of Hanoi (1882) / Trấn Bình đài garrison / Trần Cảo (king) d.1428 / Chu Văn Tấn 1909–1984) general / Đoàn Khuê 1923–1999) Vietnamese general / Hoa tiên / Tang thương ngẫu lục / Khâm định Việt sử Thông giám cương mục / Phủ biên tạp lục / Cung oán ngâm khúc / Gia huấn ca / Phan Trần / Thằng Bờm Bờm the Fool, Vietnamese folktale character / Truyện Trê Cóc The chronicle of the catfish and the frog / Nguyễn Bình / Ninh Viết Giao (c.1930) Vietnamese writer / Kim Liên Pagoda / Tadpole script variety of Chinese seal script / Khoa Đẩu Muong language script / Tây Vu Vương (fl.111 BC) / Pháp Loa (1284-1330) Vietnamese Thiền Buddhist monk / Phạm Bỉnh Di (d.1209) and Phạm Du (d.1209) Vietnamese officials who served Lý Cao Tông / Đại Việt thông sử and Vân đài loại ngữ 1773 of Lê Quý Đôn / Trịnh Bồng (reigned 1786 – d.1787) succeeded Trịnh Khải, and the infant Trịnh Cán /

Music

Composers

Maître Egidius composer in the Chantilly Codex / Prepositus Brixiensis (fl.1430) Padua / Beltrame Feragut (c.1385-c.1450) or Bertrand d'Avignon / Gacian Reyneau (fl.1398-1429) / Guillaume Malbecque (c.1400-1465) / Juan Cornago (c.1400-c.1475) Spanish composer / Robert Wylkynson‎ (c.1450-1515) English composer / Atalante Migliorotti (Florence, 1466-1532) instrument maker / Michele Pesenti (c.1470-1524) Italian composer / Engarandus Juvenis (fl.1480s-90s) Requiem in Codex Staffarda / Hugh Kellyk (fl.c.1480) Eton Choirbook composer / Pierrequin de Thérache‎ (c.1470-1528) / Antoine Divitis (c.1473-c.1528) Flemish composer / Juan García de Basurto (c.1480-1548) Spanish composer / Johannes Heer of Glarus (1489-1553) song copyist / Johannes de la Fage (fl.1520) / Andreas de Silva‎ (fl.1520) / Leonhard Paminger (1495-1567) / Matthias Werrecore (c.1500 - after 1574) / Christian Hollander (1510s-1589) / Luigi Dentice (c.1510-1566) music theorist / Gheerkin De Hondt (fl. 1530-1547) Dutch songwriter / Juan Bermudo (c.1510-c.1565) music theorist / Francisco de Ceballos (d.1571) / Bernardino de Figueroa (c.1510-1586) composer in Spain, then bishop in Italy / Tomaso Cimello (c.1510-c.1591) Italian writer of frottole / Giandomenico Martoretta (1515-1550s?) Sicilian / Bartomeu Càrceres (fl.1546) / Pere Alberch Vila (1517-1582) Catalan composer / Joan Brudieu (1520-1591) Catalan composer / Jean de Latre (c.1510-1596) / Geert van Turnhout (1520-1580) Flemish composer / Johannes Mangon (1525-1578) Wallon composer at Aachen / Jean de Bonmarché (1525-1570) French composer / Gabriel Mena (d.1528) Spanish composer / Johannes de Cleve (1529-1582) / Juan Navarro Hispalensis‎ (c.1530-c.1580), Seville / Fra Serafino Razzi (1531-1613) collector of laude / Fernando de las Infantas (1534-c.1610) Spanish music theorist / Serafino Razzi (1531-1613) Florence, Dominican collector and composer of laude / Guillaume Boni‎ (c.1530-c.1594) / François Regnard‎ (f.1570s) / Jean de Castro (c.1540-1611) Flemish / Ginés de Boluda (1545-c.1606) Toledo / Balduin Hoyoul‎ (1547-1594) Flemish composer in Stuttgart / Ambrosio Cotes (1550-1603) Valencian composer / Juan Navarro Gaditanus (c.1550-c.1610), Mexico / Joachim a Burck (1546-1610) German composer / Bartholomaeus Stockmann (1550s-1600s) Flensburg /Angelo Grillo (1557-1629) poet / Carolus Luython (1557-1620) Flemish composer in Prague / Philipp Schöndorff (1558-1617) Flemish composer in Prague / Cesare Rinaldi (1559-1636) poet / Scipione Dentice (1560-1635), Naples / Scipione Stella (1560-1620s), Naples / Antonio Coma (1560-1629) Italian composer / Nicolas Gistou (1560-1609) Flemish composer in Denmark / Isaac Posch (-1623) Austrian composer / August Nörmiger (c.1560-1613) German organist / Camillo Cortellini (1561-1630) madrigalist / Joseph Ruiz Samaniego (fl.1563-1670) Zaragoza / Erasmo Marotta (1565–1641) Sicilian / Charles Tessier (c.1550-after 1604) lutenist / Guillaume de Chastillon (c.1560 - fl.1590) French composer of airs de cour / Antonio il Verso (1565-1621) Italian composer / Nicolaus Zangius (1570-1619) German composer / Simone Balsamino (fl.1590s) / Nicolas Formé (1567-1638) French composer / Orazio Bassani (1570-1615) Italian gambist / Erasmus Widmann (1572-1634) / Ellis Gibbons (1573-1603) brother of Orlando / Andreas Hakenberger (1574-1627) Danzig / Achille Falcone (c.1570-75-1600) / Mateo Romero (composer) (1575-1647) Flemish composer in Spain / Daniel Farrant (1575-1671) English viol composer / John Maynard (composer) / Johann Stobäus (1580-1646) / Hans Nielsen (1580-1626) Danish composer / Giovanni Ghizzolo (1580–1625) / Bellerofonte Castaldi (c.1581–1649) / Annibale Orgas (c.1585-1629) Rome / François Richard (c. 1585-1650) French composer of airs de cour / Domenico Massenzio (c1580s-1650) Rome / Lorenzo Ratti‎ (ca. 1589–1630) Rome / Paolo Tarditi‎ (1580s-1661) Rome / Alessandro Constantini (fl.1620s) Rome / Thomas Simpson (composer) (1582-c.1628) English composer in Germany / Johann Grabbe (1585-1655) German madrigalist / Andreas Berger (composer) (1584-1656) / Francesco Lambardi (1587-1642) / Guillaume Bouzignac (c.1587-c.1643) Provencal composer / Giovanni Maria Sabino (1588-1649), Naples / Mario Capuana (?-before 1647) / Scipione Lacorcia (fl. 1590-1620) Neapolitan composer of madrigals / Julius Ernst Rautenstein (c.1590-1654) / Gallus Guggumos‎ (1590-1666) Bavarian student of G. Gabrieli / Johannes Thesselius (1590-1643) in Transylvania / Gabriel Díaz Bessón (1590-1638) / Tobias Michael (1592-1657) Thomaskantor / Orazio Michi dell'Arpa (1594-1641) harpist / Bartolomé de Selma y Salaverde (1595-1638) Madrid / Henri Frémart c.1595-1651) / Giovanni Rovetta (1596–1668) Venice / Charles d'Helfer (1598–1661) / Alba Tressina (fl.1620s) nun composer / Henri de Bailly (d.1637) French composer /

Eustache Picot (c.1600? - 1651) French composer / Jean Veillot (d. before 1662) French composer / Giovanni Battista Fasolo (c.1600-1664) Italian composer / Didaco Philetari (1600 - fl.1645) Italian in Germany / Juan de Lienas (c.1600 fl.1640) Mexico / Thomas Gobert (c.1600-1672) French composer / Alessandro Della Ciaia (c. 1605-c.1670) / Pietro Antonio Giramo (fl.1619-c.1630) Naples / Louis Le Prince (composer) (d.1677) French priest and composer / Bonaventura Rubino (1600-1668) Palermo / Domenico Belli (died Florence, May 1627) / Carlos Patiño (1600-1675) Spanish composer / Juan Arañés (d.1649) / João Lourenço Rebelo (1603-1656) Portuguese composer / Gabriel Möhlich (c.1590-1640s) Dresden dance master / Gasparo Pratoneri "Spirito da Reggio" (fl.1556-9) Italian composer / Pedro Riquet (fl.1598-1640) Spanish sacred composer / Johann Kaspar Horn (fl.1640s) Dresden / Johann Wilhelm Furchheim (1635-1682) Dresden / Johann Klemm (c.1593-1660) Dresden organist / Clemens Thieme (1631-1668) Dresden / Friedrich von Westhoff (1611-1694) Dresden violinist / Anton Colander (1590-1621) Dresden organist / Christoph Kittel (fl.1640-1680) Dresden organist / Johann Nauwach (1595-1630) / Stephan Otto (1603-1656) / Caspar Kittel (1603-1639) Dresden / Giuseppe Zamboni (1600s-1666) first opera in Brussels / Natale Monferrato (1603-1685) Venice / Julius Johannes Weiland (c.1605-1663) / Michel de La Guerre (ca. 1605-1679) organist at Notre Dame / Philipp Friedrich Böddecker (1607-1683) / Erasmo di Bartolo (1606-1656) Naples / Urbán de Vargas (1606-1656) Spanish composer / Sébastien Le Camus ‎(c.1610-1677) / Nicolas Métru (1610-1668) airs / Philipp Buchner (1614-1669) Mainz / Pietro Andrea Ziani (1616-1684) Italian composer / Crato Bütner (1616—1679) Danzig / Giovanni Andrea Bontempi (1624-1705) castrato at Dresden / Michael Jacobi (1618—1663) / Johann Hildebrand (fl.1645) / Johann Müller (composer) (fl.1640-c.1670) / Vicentz Rupffenbart (fl.1650) / Giovanni Battista Treviso (fl.1650s) / Johann Werlin (?-c.1680) / José Marín (ca 1619-1699) / Andrés Flores criollo composer in Sucre, Bolivia / Luis de Briceño (fl.1610s-1630s) Spanish guitarist in France / Giovanni Giorgi (composer) (c.1620-1672) St John Lateran / Johann Sebastiani‎ (1622-1683) / Johann Melchior Gletle (1626-1683) Swiss / Filippo Coppola (fl.1658-1680) Naples / Giovanni Salvatore (c.1620-c.1688), Naples / David Pohle (1624-1695) / Pierre Robert (composer) (c.1625-1699) Paris / Marco Giuseppe Peranda c1625-1675 in Dresden / Sisto Reina (-c.1664) Italian composer / Juan Arañés (c.1600? - d.1649) Catalan composer in Rome / Juan del Vado‎ (1625–1691) / Bénigne de Bacilly (1625 -1690) / Johann Jacob Löwe (1628-1703) Lüneburg / Samuel Capricornus (1628-1665) Czech composer / Cristóbal Galán (1630-1684), Madrid / Jean-Nicolas Geoffrey (1630-1694) French organist / Vincenzo Albrici (1631-1696) / Matías Ruiz (composer)‎ (fl.1665-1702) / Domenico Freschi (1634–1710) Vicenza / Felipe Madre de Deus (c.1630-1688) / Joseph Chabanceau de La Barre (1633-1678) / Daniel Danielis (1635-1696) Belgian composer /Miguel de Irízar (1635-1684), Segovia / Friedrich Nicolaus Brauns‎ (1637-1718) / Pedro de Ardanaz (1638-1706) Spanish / Nicolaus Adam Strungk (1640-1700) Dresden / Pedro de Araújo (fl.1662–1705) Portuguese organist / Pierre Menault (1642-1694) Dijon / Antonio Nola (1642-?) Naples / Antonio Tarsia (composer) (1643-1722) Slovenian composer / Johann Georg Conradi (1645-1699) Hamburg Opera / Prince Antonio Ottoboni‎ (1646-1710) father of Cardinal Ottoboni, librettist for A. Scarlatti / Basilius Petritz (1647-1715) Kreuzkantor / Johann Michael Zächer (1649-1712) Austrian / Nicolas Goupillet (1650-1713) plagiarist / Guillaume Minoret (1650–1720) / Juan de Navas‎ (c.1650-1719) / Gennaro Ursino (1650-1715) Naples/ Francesco Maria Bazzani (c.1650-c.1700) / Antonio de Salazar (composer) (1650–1715) Mexican composer / Giulio Cesare Corradi (c.1650-1702) librettist / Giovanni Battista Brevi (1650-1725) / Jean-François Lalouette (1651-1728) / Johann Philipp Förtsch (1652-1732) / Maria Xaveria Perucona (1652-1709) nun composer / Johann Christoph Rothe (1653-1700) / Marc'Antonio Ziani‎ (1653-1715) Venetian in Vienna / Christian Liebe (1654-1708) German composer / Gottfried Ernst Pestel (1654-1732) German composer /Pierre Bouteiller (c.1655-c.1717) / Emanuel Kegel (1655-1724) / Francesco Antonio Calegari (1656-1742) Padua / Giuseppe Ottavio Pittoni (1657-1743) Rome / Francesco Antonio Pistocchi (1659-1726) / Sebastián Durón (1660-1716) Spanish composer / Benito Bello de Torices (c. 1660-1714) Spanish / Jerónimo de Carrión (1660-1721), Segovia / Jean-Baptiste Drouard de Bousset (1662-1725) / Pirro Albergati (1663-1735) Italian composer / Silvio Stampiglia (1664–1725) librettist / José de Torres y Martínez Bravo (1665-1738), Madrid / Gaetano Veneziano (1665–1716) / Miguel de Ambiela (1666-1733) Spanish / Tommaso Gaffi (1667-1744) Rome / Johann Berthold von Höffer (1667-1718) organiser of Slovenian music society / Johann Justus Kahle (1668-1720) / Joseph Balthasar Hochreither (1669-1731) Salzburg / Johann Samuel Beyer (1669-1744) German composer / Stefano Fabri (c.1670 – 1755) Italian composer / José Peyró (c.1670-1720) Spanish theatre composer / Charles Desmazures (1670-1736) organist in Marseille / Christian Ludwig Boxberg‎ (1670-1729) / Tomàs Milans (1672-1742) / Tomàs Milans i Godayol (1672-1742) Catalan composer / Georg Riedel (Altstadt Kantor)‎ (1676-1738) / Thomas-Louis Bourgeois (1676-1750) French composer / Nicolas Racot de Grandval (1676-1753) / Joaquín Martínez de la Roca (1676-1756) Spanish opera composer / Filippo Amadei (1670s-1730s) Italian in Handel's London / Johann Christian Schieferdecker (1679-1732) German composer / Giuseppe Porsile (1680-1750) Italian in Barcelona then Vienna / Carlo Sturla (fl.1730s) Genoa / Francesco Bartolomeo Conti (1681-1732) Italian composer in Vienna / Pere Rabassa (1683-1767) Catalan composer / Roque Ceruti (1686-1760) Italian in Lima / Bernard Gates (1686-1773) Westminster Abbey / Michele de Falco (1688-1732) opera buffa in Naples / Jaime de la Té y Sagau (1684-1736) Spanish composer at the court of King Joao V / Johann Theodor Roemhildt (1684-1756) / Carmine Giordani (c.1685-1758) / Philippe Courbois ‎(fl.1710-1730) / Joseph Michel (1688-1736) Dijon / Lorenzo Zavateri (1690-1764) Bologna / Esprit Antoine Blanchard (1696-1770) / Henry Madin (1698-1748) / Josep Carcoler (1698-1776) Catalan / Juan Francés de Iribarren (1699-1767) Spanish composer /

Francisco Hernández Illana (1700-1780) Spanish composer / Josep Mir i Llussà (1700-1764) Catalan composer / Francesco Corselli (1702-1778) Italian composer in Spain / José de Nebra (1702–1768) Spanish composer / René Drouard de Bousset (1703-1760) / Nicola Sabatino (1705-1796) Naples / Andrea Basili (1705-1777) Italian music theorist / Christian Wolff (1705-1773) / Antonio Gaetano Pampani (c. 1705-1775) Venetian composer / Johann Gottfried Donati (1706-1782) / Juan de Aragüés (c.1710-28 May 1793) Spanish composer / Johann Heinrich Rolle (1716-1785) / Pierre de La Garde (1717-1792) French composer and baritone / Christoph Ludwig Fehre (1718-1772) Schulmeister cantata / Christophe Le Menu de Saint-Philbert (1720-1774) / Johann Georg Schürer (1720-1786) Dresden opera composer / Antonio Rodríguez de Hita (1722-1787) zarzuela composer / Joan Rossell (1724-1780) Catalan / Andrzej Siewiński (fl.1725) Polish composer / Manuel Pla (c.1725-1766), Madrid / Benigno Zerafa (1726-1804) Maltese composer / François Martin (composer) (1727-1757) French cellist / Juan Montón y Mallén (c.1730-1781) / Josep Pla (composer) (c.1728-1762) / José de Larrañaga (1728-1806) Basque composer / Jean-Claude Trial (1732-1771) / Abraham Caceres (fl.1718-fl.1738), Amsterdam / Pablo Esteve (1730-1794) Spanish composer / Cristiano Giuseppe Lidarti (1730-1793) / Francisco Javier García Fajer‎ (1731-1809) Spanish composer / José Castel (1737-1807) Madrid / François Giroust ‎(1737-1799) / Pedro Aranaz y Vides (1742-1821) Spanish / Simon Le Duc (1742-1777) Parisian violinist, composer / Blas Tardío de Guzmán (fl.1740s) Sucre Cathedral / Jacinto Valledor (1744-1809) Spanish composer of theatre music and tonadillas / Johann Michael Bach (1745–1820) / Koide Ichijuro (fl.1780-c.1800) Kabuki utagata / Feliks Janiewicz‎ (1762-1848) Polish composer / Melcior Juncà ‎(1757-1824) Catalan / Antonio Calegari (1757-1828) Padua / Stepan Degtyarev (1766–1813) Russian composer / Giuseppe Mosca (1772-1839) / Mariano Rodríguez de Ledesma (1779-1847) Spanish composer / Luigi Antonio Calegari (1780–1849) Padua / Josep Melcior Prat i Colom (1780-1855) Catalan / Padre Davide da Bergamo (1791–1863) organist, composer /

Eduard Brendler (1800-1831) Swedish opera composer / Aleksander Gurilyov (1803-1858) Russian serf-born composer / Dmitry Lensky (1805-1860) author of spoken vaudevilles / Juan Pedro Esnaola (1808-1878) Argentine composer / Karl Ludwig Friedrich Hetsch (1808-1872) light songwriter / José Antonio Santesteban (1809-1884) Basque opera composer / Félix Danjou (1812-1866) French organist / Karl Emanuel Klitzsch (1812-1889) German composer / Konstantin Vilboa (1817-1882) Russian composer / Jean Raymond Hippolyte Lazerges (1817-1887) French painter, song composer, father of painter Paul Lazerges (1845-1902) / Aristide Hignard (1822-1898) composer and friend of Jules Verne / Boris Sheremetev (composer) (1822-1906) Russian composer / Pyotr Bulakhov 1822-1885 Russian composer / Jan Albert van Eijken (1823-1868) / Jacopo Foroni (1825-1858) Italian in Sweden / Jacques Bosch (1825-1895) Catalan guitarist in Paris / Giovanni Lucantoni (1825-1902) Italian composer in Paris / Lázaro Núñez-Robres (1827-after 1883) Spanish zarzuela and song composer / Paul Bernard (composer) (1827-1879) Ça fait peur aux oiseaux / Thomas Thomas (1829-1913) Welsh harpist / Francisco Salvador-Daniel (1831-1871) French composer and enthnomusicologist / Kamilo Mašek (1831-1859) Slovenian composer / Moritz Kässmayer (1831-1884) Austrian, folk songs for string quartet / Paul Agricole Génin (1832-1903) French flautist and composer for flute / Gerrit Jan van Eijken (1832-1879) Dutch composer / Fermín María Álvarez (1833-1898) Spanish composer / Manuel Fernández Caballero (1835-1906) composer of zarzeulas / Léon Broutin (fl.1860s) French vaudeville writer / Josef Richard Rozkošný (1833-1913) Czech composer / Juan Bautista Pujol (1835-1898) Catalan pianist and pedagogue / Davorin Jenko (1835-1914) Slovenian composer / Fran Gerbič (1840-1917) Slovenian composer / Josef Nešvera (1842-1914) Czech composer / Karel Šebor (1843-1903) Czech opera composer / Arkady Abaza (1843-1915) Russian composer / A. I. Shishkin and Nikolai Shishkin (1845-1911) Russian gypsy composers / René Lenormand (1846–1932) French composer / Charles Harford Lloyd (1849-1919) organist / Ernests Vīgners‎ (1850-1933) Latvian composer / Emanuel Chvála (1851-1924) Czech composer / Gustave Goublier (1856-1926) French popular composer / José Tragó (1857-1934) Spanish composer / Risto Savin (1858-1948) composer, pseudonym for Slovenian general Friderik Širca / Antoni Nicolau (1858-1933) Catalan composer / Algernon Ashton (1859-1937) Royal College of Music / Friedrich Klose (1862-1942) German / Francesc Alió (1862-1908) Catalan composer, Els Segadors / Yuri Sakhnovsky (1866-1930) composer / Arthur M. Goodhart (1866-1941) / Percy Sherwood (1866-1939) German-born English composer / Jacob Waxman (1866-1942) Yiddish theatre / Carlo Lombardo (1869-1959) Italian operetta impresario / Viktor Kalinnikov (1870-1927) Russian composer / Josip Pavčič (1870-1949) Slovenian composer / Àngel Rodamilans (1874-1936) Catalan Benedictine / Juli Garreta (1875-1925) Catalan composer of sardanes / Guido Alberto Fano ‎(1875-1961) Italian pianist / Édouard Dreyfus Gonzalez (1876–1941) song composer "Jean Dora" / Beltrán Pagola (1878-1950) Basque composer / Teiichi Okano (1878-1941）/ Reinhard Oppel (1878-1941) Leipzig composer / Anton Lajovic (1878-1960) Slovenian composer / Pablo Luna (1879-1942) zarzuela / Alfrēds Kalniņš (1879-1951) Latvian national opera composer / Osmán Pérez Freire (1880-1930) Argentine composer / Tomàs Buxó (1882-1962) Catalan / Ernesto Drangosch (1882-1925) Argentine composer / Peeter Süda (1883-1920) Estonian organist / Tadashi Yanada (1883-1959) / Francesco Santoliquido (1883-1971) Italian composer / Susman Kiselgof (1884-1939) Russian-Jewish folksong collector / John Larchet (1884-1967) Irish composer / Hermann Wolfgang von Waltershausen (1882-1954) German composer / Artúr Harmat (1885-1962) Hungarian / Moses Milner (1886-1953) composer of first Yiddish opera in post-revolutionary Russia / Julio Gómez (1886-1973) Spanish composer and music critic / Celestino Piaggio (1886-1931) Argentine composer / Zorko Prelovec (1887-1939) Slovenian composer / Kiyoshi Nobutoki (1887–1965) / Pietro Cimara (1887-1967) Italian composer / Solomon Golub (1887-1952) naturalized American Yiddish song composer / Francisco Alonso (1887-1948) zarzuela / Niels Otto Raasted (1888-1966) Danish composer / Juan Carlos Cobián (1888-1942) Argentine tango composer / Paul Lamkoff (1888-1953) Los Angeles cantor / Georges Taconet (1889-1962) Le Havre / Egon Ledeč (1889-1944) violinist at Theresienstadt / Joan Massià (1890-1969) Catalan composer and violinist / Andrés Isasi (1890-1940) Spanish composer / Antoni Massana (1890-1966) Catalan Jesuit priest and composer / José Uruñuela (1891-1963) Basque composer / Alexander Kasyanov (1891-1982) Soviet composer / Oscar Hernández Falcón (1891-1967) Cuban composer of boleros / Jean Lenoir (composer) (1891-1976) French song composer / Vsevolod Zaderatsky (1891-1953) Russian composer / Janko Ravnik (1891-1981) Slovenian composer / Ryūtarō Hirota (1892-1952) / Sinowi Feldman (1893-1942) Russian composer / Leo Zeitlin ‎(1893-1942) Russian composer / Tamezō Narita (1893-1945) / José María Franco (composer) (1894-1971) Basque composer / Jaime Ovalle (1894-1955) Brazilian / Alfonso Esparza Oteo (1894-1950) Mexican songwriter / Alfonso Esparza Oteo (1894-1950) Mexican songwriter / Ignacio Fernández Esperón (1894-1968) Mexican songwriter / Eduard Toldrà (1895-1962) Catalan composer / Alois Melichar (1896-1976) Austrian / Viktor Kosenko (1896-1938) Ukranian composer / Lazar Weiner (1897-1982) Yiddish art song / Julius Bürger (1897-1995) / Albert Huybrechts (1899–1938) Belgian composer /

Jorge del Moral (1900-1941) Mexican songwriter / Juan Dotras Vila (1900-1978) Spanish zarzuela composer / Tomás Garbizu (1901-1989) Basque composer / Valentyn Borysov (1901-1988) Ukrainian composer / Hyun Jae-Myung (1902-1960) Korean composer / Veselin Stoyanov (1902-1969) Bulgarian composer / Miguel Sandoval (composer) (1903-1953) Guatemalan-born American pianist / María Teresa Lara (1904-1984) Mexican songwriter / Jesús García Leoz (1904-1953) Spanish composer / Primo Casale (1904-1981) Italian-born Venezuelan composer and conductor / Vladas Jakubėnas (1904-1976) Lithuanian composer / Jānis Kalniņš (1904-2000) Latvian composer / György Deák-Bárdos (1905-1991) Hungarian / Vytautas Bacevičius (1905-1970) Lithuanian composer in Staten Is / Antonio Spadavecchia (1907-1988) Soviet composer / José Muñoz Molleda (1905–1988) Spanish composer / Shirō Fukai (1907-1959) Japanese composer / Pino Donati (1907-1975) Verona, Chicago Opera / László Halmos (1909-1997) Hungarian / Kozaburo Hirai (1910-2002) / Nguyễn Xuân Khoát (1910–1993) Vietnamese composer / Gabriel Ruiz (composer) (1911-) Mexican songwriter / Francisco Escudero (composer) (1912-2002) Basque / Parashkev Hadjiev (1912-1992) Bulgarian composer / Saburō Takata (1913-2000) / Gábor Lisznyai-Szabó (1913-1981) Hungarian / Alberto Domínguez (1913-1975) Mexican songwriter / Văn Chung (1914-1984) Vietnamese composer / Zheng Lücheng (1914-1976) Korea-born Chinese composer married to Ding Xuesong (1918) China's first female ambassador / Shi Lemeng (1915-2008) Chinese PLA composer / Vladimir Michailovich Jurowski (1915-1972) Soviet film composer, grandfather of Russian conductor / Mareo Ishiketa (1916-1996) / Zhang Dinghe (1916-2011) Chinese composer / Nikolay Peyko (1916-1995) Russian composer / Jaurés Lamarque Pons (1917-1982) Uruguayan composer / Augustin Kubizek (1918-2009) Austrian / Chen Zi (1919-1999）Chinese composer / Du Yu ( ) Chinese composer / Nguyễn Văn Thương (1919-2002) / Sabahattin Kalender (1919-2012) Turkish composer / Javier Bello-Portu (1920-2004) Basque composer / Lưu Hữu Phước (1921-1989) Vietnamese composer / Đỗ Nhuận (1922-1991) Vietnamese composer / Otmar Mácha (1922–2006) Czech composer / Kamel El-Remali (b. 1922) Egyptian composer / Poul Rovsing Olsen (1922-1982) Danish composer / Kirill Molchanov (1922-1982) Soviet opera composer / Yoshinao Narada (1923-2000) / Caroline Lloyd (1924-1980) American composer and pianist / Phan Huỳnh Điểu (1924) / Vladimir Rubin (1924) Russian composer / Nguyễn Văn Tý (1925) Vietnamese composer / Mao Yuan (1926) Chinese composer / Huy Du (1926-2007) Vietnamese composer / Hoàng Việt (1928-1967) Vietnamese composer / Trần Hoàn 1928) / Xuân Hồng (1928-1996) Vietnamese songwriter / Ivan Marinov (composer) (1928) Bulgarian composer / Ge Guangrui (1929) Chinese composer / Tage Nielsen (1929-2003) Danish composer / Ferit Tüzün (1929-1977) Turkish composer / Boris Kravchenko (1929-1979) Belarussian composer / Mircea Valeriu Diaconescu (b.1929) Romanian / Nguyễn Đức Toàn (1929) Vietnamese military musician / Hoàng Vân 1930) / Nguyễn Đình Tấn (1930-2002) Vietnamese classical composer / Hoàng Hiệp (1931) / Cenan Akın (1932-2006) Istanbul / Xiao Bai (1932) Chinese opera composer and conductor / Joop Voorn (1932) Dutch composer / Gianni Marchetti (1933-2012) Italian songwriter / Iller Pattacini (1933–2006) Italian songwriter / İlhan Baran (1934) Turkish composer / Jin Xiang (1935) Chinese composer / Sergei Cortez (b.1935) Belarusian / Juan José Falcón Sanabria (b.1936) Canary Islands composer / Shirvani Chalaev (b.1936) Dagestan composer / Svend Nielsen (b.1937) Danish composer / Lorenzo Palomo (1938) Spanish composer / Çetin Işıközlü (1939) Turkish composer / Maciej Małecki (b.1940) Polish composer / Herwig Reiter (1941) Austrian composer / Philip Spratley (1942) English composer / Okan Demiriş (1942) Turkish composer / Frank Fernández (composer) (1944-) Cuba /György Orbán (1947) Transylvania-born Hungarian / Mo Fan (1949) Chinese composer / János Vajda (1949) Hungarian / Michaël Levinas 1949 French composer / Ulrich Gasser (b.1950) Swiss composer / Francisco Ibáñez (composer) (1951) Basque composer / Chen Qigang (b.1951) Chinese composer in Paris / Yin Qing ( ) Chinese woman composer / Hao Weiya ( ) Chinese composer / Lei Lei ( ) Chinese composer / Péter Nógrádi (1952) Hungarian / György Selmeczi (1952) Hungarian / José Luis Turina ‎(b.1952) composer, grandson of Joaquín Turina / Ivan Fedele (1953) Italian composer / Vladimir Soltan (b.1953) Belarussian composer / Niels Rosing-Schow (1954) Danish composer / Igor Krutoy (b.1954) popular composer / Marco Frisina (1954) Italian priest and composer / Vyacheslav Kuznetsov (b.1955) Belarussian composer / Håkan Parkman (1955-1988) Swedish / Luca Francesconi (1956) Italian composer / Wolfgang Sauseng (1956) Austrian composer / Lim Jun-Hee (1959) The Wedding João Guilherme Ripper (b.1959) Brazil / Miklós Mohay (1960) Hungarian / Igor Raykhelson (1961) Russian-American composer / Bart Visman (1962) Dutch composer / Albert Guinovart (b.1962) Catalan composer / Thierry Pécou (b.1965) French composer / Vincent Bouchot (b.1966) French composer / Jean-Louis Agobet (1968) French composer / Levente Gyöngyösi (1975) Hungarian / David Alagna (b.1975) French stage director and composer / Taner Akyol (b.1977) Turkish classical composer /

Giuseppe Sellitti (1700-1777) Italian opera composer / Nicola Ugolino (fl.1720s) Italian lute player and composer / Niccolò Grillo (fl.1720s) Italian composer / Ingenuin Molitor (1610-1669) Austrian composer / Giuseppe Avitrano 1670 - Naples, 19 March 1756) Italian composer / Giovan Tomaso di Maio (c. 1490-1548) Italian composer / Emanuele Barbella (1718-1777) Neapolitan composer / Johann Anton Coberg (1650-1708) Hanover composer / Bernardo Murillo (fl.1640s) Spanish composer / Manuel de Egüés 1657-1729) / Conrad Rupsch (fl.1520s) German composer / Konrad Hagius c1550-1616 German composer / Martin Peudargent c1510-1570s) Flemish composer / David Wikander 1884 - 15 November 1955 Swedish composer / Antonio Farina (fl.1675) Italian composer / Ángel Barrios (1882-1964) Spanish composer / Agustín Pérez Soriano (1846-1907) Spanish composer / Josep Ribas (1882-1934) Catalan composer / Juan Vert (1890-1931) Valencian composer of Spanish zarzuelas / Reveriano Soutullo (1880-1932) Spanish composer of zarzuelas and pasodobles / Nilo Menéndez (1902-1987) Cuban American songwriter / Giuseppe Petrini composer / Teodoro Cottrau (1827-1879) Italian composer Gennaro Negri (fl.1810s) Italian song composer / Orazio Giaccio (fl.1610s) Italian composer / Vincenzo Fontana (composer) (fl.1550) Italian composer / Michelangelo Faggioli (1666-1733), amateur composer / Bonaventura Cerronio (fl.1639) Italian composer / Giovanni Vittorio Majello Italian composer / Antonio Sabino (1591-1650) Italian composer / Francesco Sabino (1620- ) Italian composer / Giuseppe Cavallo (d.1684) Italian composer and priest / Margaret Rizza English composer, primarily of church music / Arne Mellnäs 1933-2002 Swedish composer / Ranlequin de Mol Belgian composer / Joanne Metcalf (1958) American composer / Artūrs Maskats (1957) Latvian composer / Jakob Schgraffer (1799-1859) Tirolean composer and coffee house owner / Đuka Galović (1924) Croatian folk musician /

Works

Orchestral song / Yiddish song / Opera in Arabic / Art song in Arabic / the cuplé genre / Song Stjerne til støv (1981) by Sebastian (Danish musician) / Højskolesangbogen / Malhão Portugese circle dance and Fado song / Chinese-language western-style opera / Veni redemptor gentium / Puer natus in Bethlehem medieval hymn / Reges Tharsis antiphon / Schütz and Opitz' Dafne 1627 / Scarlatti's La Giuditta‎ oratorios 1693, 1697 / Telemann's Germanicus (opera)‎ 1704 / Sieg der Schönheit / Der neumodische Liebhaber Damon / Miriways / Don Quichotte auf der Hochzeit des Comacho / Emma und Eginhard / Der geduldige Socrates / Flavius Bertaridus / The Ristori-Vivaldi first Orlando furioso (RV 819) 1714 / Vivaldi's La Silvia 1721 / Giustino (Vivaldi) 1724 / Atenaide (Vivaldi) 1728 / La fida ninfa 1732 / L'oracolo in Messenia 1738 / Marcello's Arianna 1727 / Metastasio's librettos La passione di Gesù Cristo 1730, Vologeso and Ezio (libretto) / Gluck's Two versions of Ezio (1750, 1763) / Comus (Handel) 1745 / Pierre-Alexandre Monsigny's La belle Arsène 1773 / Ramler's libretto Der Tod Jesu 1755 / Nicolai's Il templario 1840 / Zvonař's Záboj 1859 / Rozkošný's Svatojanské proudy 1871, after the legend of the vila of St John's Rapids on the Vltava / Dikran Çuhaciyan Arif'in Hilesi (Arif's Trick) 1874, Leblebici Horhor (Horhor the Chickpea Seller) 1875 / Reinthaler's Das Käthchen von Heilbronn (opera) 1885 / Bretón's La Dolores 1895 / The Triumphs of Oriana (1899) / Grechaninov Dobrynya Nikitich (opera) 1901 / Humperdinck ‎Dornröschen 1902 / Ostrčil's The Death of Vlasta (1903) after Karel Pippich (1849-1921) / Respighi's Marie Victoire (1913, premiere 2004), Belfagor (1923) / Vítězslav Novák's Karlštejn 1916 /‎‎ Necil Kazım Akses Bay Önder, 1934 Taşbebek "The Doll" 1934 / Martinů Field Mass 1939 / The Epic of Gilgamesh (Martinů) / Kurofune (opera) 1940 / Ladislav Vycpálek Czech Requiem 1940 / Braunfels' Szenen aus dem Leben der Heiligen Johanna 1943, 2001 / Korngold's Die stumme Serenade 1951 / Chen Zi's Liu Hulan (opera) 1954 / Zheng Lücheng's Longing for Husband Cloud / Sister Jiang after life of Jiang Zhuyun (1920－1949） a Chinese revolutionary martyr / Chunhyang-jeon (opera) 1950 / Martin Der Sturm (opera) 1955 / The Epic of Gilgamesh (Martinů) 1955 / Van Gogh (Kodallı opera) 1956, Gilgamesh (Kodallı opera) / Shebalin's The Taming of the Shrew (Shebalin) 1957 / Spadavecchia's The Gadfly (opera) / Falla's Atlàntida 1962 / Pauer's ‎Zuzana Vojířová 1962 after story of Peter Vok (1539-1611)'s romance / Cô Sao 1965 Vietnamese opera / Ayiguli 1966 / Mieczysław Weinberg's ‎The Passenger (opera) 1968 / Aziz El-Shawan's opera Anas el-Wugood 1970, 1995 / Ağrı Dağı Efsanesi 1972 / Medea (Reimann) / Suite on Verses of Michelangelo Buonarroti 1974 / Bun Lam-Ching's Wenji: Eighteen Songs of a Nomad Flute 2002 / Tan Dun's Peony Pavilion (opera) 1998 and Tea: A Mirror of Soul 2002 / Guo Wenjing's Poet Li Bai and Wolf Cub Village / Hao Weiya's A Village Teacher 2009 / Lei Lei's Xi Shi (opera) 2009, and The Chinese Orphan 2012 / Huang Ruo's Dr. Sun Yat-sen (opera) 2011 / Yin Qing's The Ballad of Canal 2012 / Passione (song) / 'A vucchella Tosti / ¡Ay, ay, ay! Argentine song / Kâtibim Turkish song / Farewell My Concubine (opera) 2008 / The Hundredth Bride 1980 Wang Shiguang / Caoyuan zhi ge / The Savage Land yuanye / Fang, heart of grass / Cangyuan / Du Shiniang opera / Thunderstorm (opera) 2001 / Red Sun over Mount Ke 1959 /

Performers

Conductors - Alexander Orlov (conductor) (1873-1948) / Lev Steinberg (1870-1945) conductor / Franz von Hoesslin (1885-1946) conductor / Ariy Pazovsky (1887-1953) director of the Bolshoi 1943-48 /Nikolai Anosov (1900–1962) conductor / Leo Ginzburg (1901-1979) conductor / Mikhail Zhukov (conductor) (1901-1960) / Nathan Rakhlin (1906-1979) conductor / Karl Eliasberg (1907-1978) conductor during the siege of Leningrad / Nikolai Rabinovich (1908-1972) conductor / Grigori Sandler (Vitebsk Governorate 1912-1994) Leningrad University Chorus / Onisim Bron (1930s) Soviet opera conductor / Georgy Doniyakh (1914-1976) Russian conductor / Roman Matsov (1917-2001) conductor / Jaroslav Krombholc (1918-1983) Czech conductor / Fuat Mansurov (1928-2010) Kazakh conductor / Paul Kling (b.1929) concert master / Gennady Provatorov (1929-2010) conductor / Hans Rudolf Zöbeley (1931-2007) German choral conductor / Yuri Aranovich (1932-2002) / Vladimir Yesipov (fl.1960s-80s) / Vladimir Blok (1932-1996) Udmurt musicologist / Tamás Vető (1935) Hungarian-Danish conductor / Arvīds Jansons (1937-1984) Latvian conductor / Dimiter Manolov (1940-1998) Bulgarian conductor / Friedemann Layer‎ (b.1941) conductor / Aleksandrs Viļumanis (b.1942) Latvian conductor / Yuri Kochnev (b.1942) conductor / Miguel Roa (b.1944) Spanish conductor / Wolfgang Seeliger (1946) German choral conductor / Nanse Gum (1947) Korean conductor / Alexander Anissimov (b.1947) conductor / Ryszard Peryt (b.1947) Polish conductor / Guy Van Waas (1948) conductor / Andrei Chistyakov (conductor) (1949-2000) / Salvador Mas Conde (1951) Spanish conductor / Pavel Kogan (conductor) (b.1952) / Bernard Foccroulle (1953) Belgian organist and opera director / Didier Talpain (1960) French conductor and diplomat / Alexander Vedernikov‎ (b.1964) director of the Bolshoi 2001-2009 / Lü Jia (conductor) (1964) Chinese conductor / Paolo Carignani Italian conductor / Alain Altinoglu (b.1975) French conductor / Enrique Mazzola Spanish conductor / Diego Fasolis (1958) Swiss conductor /

Singers - Violante Doria and her husband Girard de Beaulieu (fl.1581) singers at the court of Henri III / Madama Europa (fl.1600) first professional opera singer, sister of Salamone Rossi / Anna de Amicis (ca. 1733-1816) Mozart's soprano / Anna de La Grange (1825-1905) French soprano / Madame Ferrari (1785-after 1823) French singing teacher / Richárd Erdős (opera singer) (d.1912) Jewish Hungarian bass opera singer / Erhard Wechselmann (1895-1943), Ottilie Metzger-Lattermann (1878-1943), Magda Spiegel (1887-1944), Richard Breitenfeld (1869-1944), and Henriette Gottlieb (1884-1943), Juan Luria (1862-1942), Grete Forst (1880-1943), Theodore Ritch (1894-1943) opera singers murdered in the Holocaust / Hermann Schramm (1871-1951) Frankfurt Opera tenor / Giuseppina Finzi-Magrini (1878-1944) soprano / Maxim Mikhailov (1893-1971) Russian bass / Grigory Pirogov (1885–1931) bass / Alexander Pirogov (1899-1964) bass / Natalya Rozhdestvenskaya (1900-1997) soprano / Ivan Petrov (bass) (1920-2003) Konstantin Ilyich Pluzhnikov (1941) Russian tenor / Glafira Deomidova (b.1929) Russian soprano / Yevgeny Kibkalo (1932-2003) Ukranian baritone / Irina Bogacheva (1939) Russian mezzo / Judith Nelson (1939-2012) / Carole Farley (1946) American soprano / Henri Ledroit (1946-1988) French countertenor / Robert Holl (b.1947) Dutch baritone / Ivan Kusnjer (b.1951) Czech baritone /‎ Sergei Georgievich Zakharov‎ (b.1950) Russian light singer / Marco Beasley (1957) Neapolitan tenor / María Bayo (1961) Spanish soprano / Krassimira Stoyanova (b.1962) / Anna Bonitatibus Italian mezzo soprano / Dima Orsho (b.1975) Syrian soprano / Natalie Manfrino‎ French soprano / Marie-Josée Lord Canadian soprano / Takesha Meshé Kizart (1982)/ Nino Machaidze (b.1983) Georgian soprano / Marta Almajano / Mesut İktu Turkish baritone / Romina Basso Italian mezzosoprano / Ann Hallenberg Swedish mezzosoprano / Marcel Claudel (1900-) tenor / Monique Zanetti (1961) / Chrisopher Purves English bass-baritone / Giovanna Casolla (1945) soprano / Jörg Waschinski (1966) German countertenor / Yuan Chenye (1967) Chinese baritone / Zhu Huiling (1982) Chinese mezzo / Gloria Banditelli (1954) mezzosoprano / Peder Severin Danish tenor / He Hui soprano / Raquel Andueza

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Instrumentalists - Joseph Press (1881-1924) Russian cellist / Alain Planès (1948) French pianist / Ju Jin Italian pianist / Bertrand Chamayou (1981) French pianist / Eduardo Fernández (guitarist) (1956) Uruguyan classical guitarist / Yvon Repérant French harpsichordist /

Ensembles - Moscow Synodal Choir / Sveshnikov State Academic Russian Choir / Poznań Nightingales / Nederlands Kammerkoor‎ / Ars Nova (Copenhagen) / the four incarnations of the Danish Quartet / National Symphony Orchestra of Ukraine‎ 1937 / Lithuanian National Symphony Orchestra (1940) and Lithuanian State Symphony Orchestra (1988) / Nationaal Jeugd Orkest / Britten-Pears Orchestra / NDR Radiophilharmonie / Deutsche Radio Philharmonie Saarbrücken Kaiserslautern / Lucerne Symphony Orchestra 1806 / Kammerorchester Basel 1984 / Orchestre de chambre de Genève / Orchestre de chambre de Neuchâtel / Sokolovsky gypsy choir at the Yar (restaurant) / Coro Nacional de Cuba / Chœur de chambre de Namur / Musica Ficta (Denmark) / ‎ Orchestre national d'Île-de-France / Orchestre national de Montpellier Languedoc-Roussillon / Orchestre Philharmonique de Paris / Moravian Philharmonic / Pacific Music Festival /

Early music

The Habsburg Flemish chapel (capilla flamenca) / Oltremontani, Flemish composers in Italy / Chapel Royal of Naples / The chapelle royale of the French kings / Sainte-Chapelle (choir), Paris / Cappella Marciana, Venice / Hamburger Ratsmusik / List of students of Heinrich Schütz / Café Zimmermann Leipzig / Manuscripts - / Chansonnier Cordiforme (1470s) / Leiden choirbooks / chansonnier of Hieronymus Lauweryn van Watervliet (1506) / Medici Codex‎ (1518) / List of RISM abbreviations / Angst der Hellen und Friede der Seelen 1623 / Guerra Manuscript‎ (1680s) / Düben collection / Codex Martínez Compañón Peru / Genres - note nere / moresche, moorish songs / battaglia (music) / ensalada / tono humano, secular song / endecha, lament / tonada song of Peru and Chile / cachua Chilean circle dance / octonaire / bergerette / grands motets / petits motets / leçons de ténèbres / Geistliches Konzert /

Festivals - List of Early music festivals / Festival de Beaune / Festival d'Ambronay / Innsbrucker Festwochen der Alten Musik / Bachfest Leipzig / Magdeburger Telemann-Festtage /

Early music conductors - Geneviève Thibault de Chambure (1902–1975) musicologist / Noah Greenberg (1919-1966) New York choral conductor / Klaus Fischer-Dieskau (1921-1994) / Jürgen Jürgens (1925-1994) Hamburg / René Clemencic (b.1928) / Thomas Binkley (1931-1995) lutenist / Grayston Burgess / Crawford Young lutenist / Erik Van Nevel Belgian conductor / Hermann Max / Paul Van Nevel Belgian conductor / Gabriel Garrido Argentine conductor / Eduardo López Banzo Spanish conductor / Gilbert Bezzina French conductor / Manfred Cordes (b.1953) / Michael Schneider (1953) / Leonardo García-Alarcón (b.1976) Argentine conductor / Alessandro De Marchi Italian conductor / Filippo Maria Bressan conductor / Eugène Green (1947) American-French dramatist / Frieder Bernius (b1947) conductor / Michi Gaigg (1957) Austrian violinist and conductor / Emilio Moreno Spanish viol player / Wolfgang Katschner / Erin Headley / Jean Tubéry / Bruce Dickey / Josep Cabré / Peter Holman (1946) / Alexander Weimann (1965) German conductor and harpsichordist / Jérémie Rhorer (1973) French harpsichordist and conductor / Christina Pluhar Austrian theorbist / Sergio Vartolo harpsichordist /

Early Music Ensembles - Studio der frühen Musik, Munich / Five Centuries Ensemble 1971-1984 / Ensemble Clément Janequin, Paris / Ars Musicae de Barcelona / Capilla Peñaflorida choir / Musica Ficta (Spain) ensemble / Victoria Musicae, Valencia / Capella de Ministrers, Valencia / Cappella della Pietà de' Turchini, Naples / Los Músicos de Su Alteza / Real Compañía Ópera de Cámara‎ / Ensemble Elyma Swiss ensemble / Orlando Consort‎ / Huelgas Ensemble, Belgium / Ricercar Consort / Camerata Trajectina, Utrecht / Egidius Kwartet, Netherlands / Alba (medieval music ensemble), Denmark / Cantilena Antiqua, Bologna / Diabolus in Musica, Paris / La Venexiana / The Sound and The Fury (vocal ensemble) / Cappella Artemisia / Os Músicos do Tejo / Pera Ensemble, Istanbul / The Parley of Instruments / Les Voix Humaines viols / Les Voix Baroques vocal ensemble / Concerto Palatino / La Nef / Les Charbonniers de l'enfer folk music / Les Sacqueboutiers / A Sei Voci / Café Zimmermann (ensemble) / Spielleyt / Akadêmia / Ensemble für frühe Musik Augsburg / Kölner Akademie /

Françoise Pollet (1949) / Aleksandra Kurzak (1977) Polish soprano / Jonathan Cohen (conductor) / Ángel Recasens (1938-2007) Spanish conductor / Singer Pur / Gabriela Di Laccio Brazilian soprano in UK / Dai Yuqiang (1963) Chinese opera singer / Wei Song (1955) Chinese tenor / Antonio Florio (1956) Italian conductor / Pino De Vittorio Italian tenor / Axivil Spanish early music group /

J'ai vu le loup French folk song / Core 'ngrato / Obikhod / Ana María García Cuban-Puerto Rican film director / Diaoyucheng 2012 opera / Pascal Bertin Damien Guillon (1981) French counter tenor / Academia Montis Regalis / Fernand de La Tombelle French composer / Penguin Guide / México (Rolando Villazón album) Gitano (Rolando Villazón album) / Pecchè? 1913 Neapolitan song by Gaetano Enrico Pennino / Catalan Songs (Victoria de Los Angeles album) José Carreras Sings Catalan Songs / Sentimiento latino (Juan Diego Flórez album) ‎ El Noi de la Mare El cant dels ocells / La Múcura Colombian cumbia song / El huésped del sevillano 1926 / Die sieben Worte Jesu Christi am Kreuz / Franck's Les Sept Paroles du Christ sur la Croix 1859 / Tchaikovsky Piano Concerto No. 1 (Van Cliburn 1958 recording) / Bach cantatas (Koopman)‎ Bach cantatas (Teldec) / The Art of Courtly Love / Ian Rosenblatt opera series / Red Cliff (Peking opera) / Frontline Song and Dance Troupe 1946 /

Theatres & Opera Houses, Conservatories, Publishing and Awards

Theatres - Opera houses and theatres of Venice / Teatro Goldoni / Teatro San Samuele / Teatro Sant'Angelo, Venice / Teatro alle Zattere‎ / Teatre Principal (Barcelona) / Divadlo v Kotcích, Prague / Moscow Chamber Musical Theatre / Saint Petersburg Lensoviet Theatre, State Puppet Theatre of Fairy Tales, Baltic House Festival Theatre, Na Fontanke Youth Theatre, Komissarjevsky Theatre, Na Neve Theatre, Komedianty Theatre, Ostrov Theatre‎, Na Liteinom Theatre, "Akimov" Saint Petersburg Comedy Theatre / Latvian National Opera (1919) / Slovene National Theatre Opera and Ballet / Križanke Summer Theatre, Ljubljana / Slovene National Theatre, Ljubljana / Ljubljana City Theatre / Opéra de Québec / Opéra de Nice / Péniche Opéra / mise en espace / National Theatre of Panama 1908 / National Theatre of Venezuela 1905 / Haiphong Opera House /‎ Teatro Pavón Madrid / Korea National Opera / Istanbul Municipal Conservatory and Darülbedayi Theatre / Wrocław Opera / Circo Price, Madrid / New Jewish School / China National Opera / Shanghai Jingju Yuan / Shanghai Yueju Yuan / Shanghai Opera House /

Conservatories - Moscow Synodal School / Lviv Conservatory / Saratov Conservatory / Latvian Academy of Music (1919) / Conservatory of Nice / Conservatories of Morocco / Ljubljana Academy of Music / Mokranjac Music School, Belgrade / Belarusian State Academy of Music / University of Music and Performing Arts, Graz /

Music Publishing & Recording - Bernard Coutaz (1922-2010) founder of Harmonia Mundi / Michel Bernstein (1931-2006) music publisher / Britannia Music Club 1969-2007 / Carol Fox (Chicago opera) (1926-1981) / Turandot at the Forbidden City / Bote & Bock 1838 / Labels - Accord (French record label) / Accord (Polish record label)/ Ambroisie / Aparté / Archiv Produktion / ARS Produktion / Bongiovanni (record label) / Brilliant Classics, Netherlands / Calliope (record label) / Capriccio (record label) / Carus-Verlag, Germany / Christophorus Records / Collegium Records / Dacapo Records / Danacord / DHM Deutsche Harmonia Mundi / Forlane (record label) / Glossa Music, Spain / Hänssler Classic, Germany / K617 / Kontrapunkt / La Mà de Guido‎ Catalan music publishers / MDG Musikproduktion Dabringhaus und Grimm / Mirare / Musique en Wallonie / Oehms Classics / Outhere / Pan Classics, Switzerland / Passacaille (record label) Belgium / Pierre Verany record label / Raumklaung / Schwann (record label) / Stradivarius (record label)‎ / Symphonia (record label), Italy / Tactus Records, Italy / Toccata Classics, Britain / Video Artists International USA / Virgin Classics / Recordings - Ernani (1903 HMV recording) first opera recording / Beethoven's 5th (Nikisch recording) 1913 / Mendelssohn Violin Concerto (Nathan Milstein album) first LP / Otello (Toscanini recording) / Tosca (Sabata recording) / Hvorostovsky album Where Are You My Brothers? / ‎

Awards - Diapason d’or de l’année / Victoires de la musique classique / Echo Klassik / Cannes Classical Awards & International Classical Music Awards / Glinka State Prize of the RSFSR / Honored Artist of the Byelorussian SSR /

Jazz, World

• Andalusian music - Ibn Báya Ensemble and Omar Metioui / Said Belcadi / Mohammed El-Arabi Serghini / Salim Fergani (b.1953) / Al Turath Ensemble, Syria / A little sheikh from the land of Meknes zajal /
• Jazz - Martin Roman (1913-1996), Coco Schumann (b.1924), Erich Vogel, Josef Taussig (1914-1945), František Domažlický (1913-1997) ‎and the Ghetto Swingers at Theresienstadt / Émile Vacher (1883-1969) accordionist / Nat Simon‎ and Poinciana (song)‎ / Gérard Barreaux (1948-2010) French accordionist / Line Monty (d.2003) Jewish-Algerian singer / Maurice El Mediouni ( ) French-Algerian pianist / Messaoud El Mediouni (1905-1943) Jewish-Algerian bandleader / Errol Parker born Raphaël Schecroun (1925-1998) French-Algerian Jewish jazz pianist and drummer / Daniel Brel (1950) French bandoneóniste / Meriç Yurdatapan (1972) German-Turkish woman jazz singer / Alexander Morozov (popular composer)‎ / Aleksander Serov (pop singer) (1954) Russian singer
• Blues - The Sensations (Jamaican group), Run for Cover (Lee Perry song), Doctor Bird (label) / Sticks and Stones (Titus Turner song) / Didn't It Rain American gospel song / ‎Afro Blue (choir) /
• Latin - Orquesta América 1942, charanga / Carlos Varela (bandleader) in 1950s New York / Vitín Avilés (1930-2004) singer / Latin Christian music / Padre José Luis Borga Portuguese Catholic popular musician / Samuel Hernández Puerto Rican Christian singer / Basilio Repilado (1944) son of Compay Segundo / Roberto Juan Rodríguez / Enrique Franco Mexican American songwriter, Jaula de oro (song) /
• Fado - Joaquim Pimentel, José Fontes Rocha, Paulo Valentim (guitarist), Armando Machado, Francisco Viana, Beatriz da Conceição / Armandinho (fado guitarist) (1891-1946) /
• Arabic - Yasmine Niazy Egyptian pop singer / Hoda Saad Moroccan pop singer / Abdel Ali Slimani Algerian rai singer / Salem Allan (1914-1981) Fijiri singer from Bahrain /
• Asia - Wang Zheng (singer) (b.1985) / Global Chinese Pop Chart / Taipei Pop Radio FM91.7 / Zhao Chuan (1961) Taiwanese pop singer / The Power of the Powerless (album), Balls Under the Red Flag Solution (Cui Jian album) Transcendence (2012 film) / Lingdian (band) ‎Underground Baby Thin Man (band) Black Panther (band) / Zhang Yadong 1965 record producer / Xin Yan Malaysian Chinese-language Bossa Nova singer from Melacca /
• World - Society for Asian Music 1959 / Garland Encyclopedia of World Music ‎/ the Nakamura-za kabuki theatre / Sounding stone / Yangko
• Dance - Régine Chopinot (1952) French choreographer /

General articles

Linguistics : Romanization of Burmese Romanization of Telugu United Nations romanization systems for geographical names / Hong Kong name / Stress in Spanish Punctuation in English Capitalisation in English / Patrial name / List of English translated personal names / Octonary / Nearest referent / Penultimate rule / Referent / Tibetan Yig mgo mark / Slovak Ľ / in ictu oculi Latin in the blink of an eye / Geography : Liuli, Tanzania, Hermann von Wissmann (steamship), Gwendolen (steamship) / Ōeyama Kyoto / Shanghai Longtang alley / Palacký Bridge (1876) Prague / Zelená Hora castle / Porazava, Belarus / Vizcaíno Island / State-level New Area China / Sani people branch of the Yi people in China / History : Roman timekeeping system / Housing Financing Fund Íbúðalánasjóður / Anglo-Russian expatriate community in St Petersburg / Revolution Society, London / Austrian Democratic Union, London WWII ‎/ Goats Club / Odds and ends : Light House Cinema, Dublin / Clan MacBeth, USA / Wolf trap / Cat and mouse (playground game) / Hoo Hey How game / Mahanagar (newspaper) Asia Geumo Sinhwa / Chinese-language literature of Korea / Jiandeng Xinhua / orizuru paper crane / red scarf / Congou tea / The Tale of Jin, Yun and Qiao / Zhongguo renming dacidian 1921 /