Venezuelan Jews in Israel
| Total population | |
|---|---|
| 10,000 | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Jerusalem, Tel Aviv | |
| Languages | |
| Hebrew (Main language for all generations); Older generation: Spanish language | |
| Religion | |
| Judaism |
Venezuelan Jews in Israel are Jewish immigrants and descendants of the immigrants of the Venezuelan Jewish communities, who now reside within the state of Israel.
History[edit]
Since the establishment of the State of Israel there has been a Venezuelan Jewish migratory flow to Israel although this flow has fluctuated over time. Many Jewish Venezuelans choose Israel as an alternative to settle due to political and economic instability that has rocked Venezuela in recent decades.
According to the Latin American Jewish Congress, Venezuela's Jewish community had an estimated 22,000 people when Chávez took office in 1999.[1] In the early 2000s, emigration of Venezuelan Jews to Israel grew steadily.[2] The Algemeiner Journal stated that this emigration from Venezuela occurred due to "the country’s economic crisis ... as well as the anti-Semitic rhetoric that has marked the left-wing regime’s support for Iran, Syria, and Palestinian Islamist organizations like Hamas" and that "first Chavez and now Maduro have found political uses for anti-Jewish rhetoric".[3]
By 2007, amid concerns of rising allegations of antisemitism,[4][5][6][7][8] emigration saw Venezuela's 20,000 Jewish population drop by 20%[9] to 45%.[1] For instance The Latin American Jewish Congress estimated that in 2007, only between 12,000 and 13,000 Jews still resided in Venezuela.[1] By November 2010, more than 50% of Jewish Venezuelans had left the country since Chavez came to power, with some of those remaining behind complaining of "official antisemitism".[10] By early 2013, only 9,000 Jews lived in Venezuela and in early 2015, it was reported that under 7,000 lived in the country.[3]
Among destinations for the 15–16,000 Jews leaving Venezuela, the prime destination was the United States, particularly Miami, and the rest went to Israel.[11] With the Crisis in Venezuela in the 2010s, Jewish emigration rapidly increased. This time emigrating Venezuelan Jews primarily went to Israel, as the devaluation of their property and other assets effectively closed off the options such as the United States or Panama.[12]
See also[edit]
- History of the Jews in Venezuela
- Aliyah from Latin America in the 2000s
- Jewish ethnic divisions
- Israel–Venezuela relations
References[edit]
- ^ a b c Rueda, Jorge (4 December 2007). "Jewish leaders condemn police raid on community center in Venezuela". U-T San Diego. Retrieved April 8, 2015.
- ^ "Venezuela". jewishvirtuallibrary.org. Retrieved September 5, 2017.
- ^ a b "ADL Denounces Anti-Semitic Graffiti Sprayed on Synagogue in Venezuela". Algemeiner Journal. 2 January 2015. Retrieved January 4, 2015.
- ^ Thor Halvorssen Mendoza (August 8, 2005). "Hurricane Hugo". The Weekly Standard. 10 (44). Retrieved November 20, 2010.
- ^ Annual Report 2004: Venezuela. Archived 2006-10-23 at the Wayback Machine Stephen Roth Institute. Accessed August 11, 2006.
- ^ Berrios, Jerry. S. Fla. Venezuelans: Chavez incites anti-Semitism. Archived 2008-03-06 at the Wayback Machine Miami Herald, August 10, 2006.
- ^ Report: Anti-Semitism on Rise in Venezuela; Chavez Government 'Fosters Hate' Toward Jews and Israel. Press release, Anti-Defamation League, November 6, 2006. Accessed April 3, 2008.
- ^ The Chavez Regime: Fostering Anti-Semitism and Supporting Radical Islam. Anti-Defamation League, November 6, 2006. Accessed April 3, 2008.
- ^ Hal Weitzman (March 26, 2007). "Venezuelan Jews fear for future". JTA. Archived from the original on November 24, 2007. Retrieved April 3, 2008.
- ^ Shlomo Papirblat (November 20, 2010). "In Venezuela, remarks like 'Hitler didn't finish the job' are routine". Ha'aretz. Retrieved November 20, 2010. See also Gil Shefler (September 1, 2010). "Jewish community in Venezuela shrinks by half". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved November 20, 2010.
- ^ Post-Chavez, Venezuelan Jews plant roots elsewhere - The Times of Israel.
- ^ "Venezuelan Jews are moving to Israel to escape deepening poverty". The Washington Post. 2017-01-01. Archived from the original on 2021-12-28.
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